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Links & Resources

Photo collage of major methane emission sources (oil and natural gas systems, coal mining, landfills, agriculture) and utilization options (i.e., fuel combustion)
Many of the links on this page are to sites outside of EPA. See Exit EPA disclaimer to learn more.

Following are useful reference sources and links to information pertaining to greenhouse gases, and specifically non-CO2 gases. Where available, Web site links to the pertinent resources have been provided, otherwise most of the listed items are available through published literature sources or government printing offices.

The list of links and resources have been grouped under categorical headings to facilitate searching. These categories are:

General Climate Science

CDIAC (1993). Trends '93: A Compendium of Data on Global Climate Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (Data and information on climate change. The center is part of the U.S. Department of Energy.) cdiac.esd.ornl.gov

Cicerone, R.J., and R.S. Oremland (1988). Biochemical aspects of atmospheric methane. Global Biochemical Cycles 2:299-327 (December).

IPCC (2001a). Summary for Policy Makers: A Report of Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The Third Assessment Report of Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Summary for Policy Makers approved in Shanghai in January 2001. www.ipcc.ch

IPCC (2001b). Technical Summary: A Report Accepted by Working Group I of the IPCC but not approved in detail. A product resulting from The Third Assessment Report of Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, January 2001. www.ipcc.ch

IPCC (2001c). Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), January 2001. www.ipcc.ch

IPCC (1996). Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change--Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the IPCC. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. www.ipcc.ch

IPCC (1995). Climate Change 1994: Radiative Forcing of Climate Change and an Evaluation of the IPCC IS92 Emission Scenarios. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. www.ipcc.ch

IPCC (1992). Climate Change 1992: The Supplementary Report to the IPCC Scientific Assessment. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. www.ipcc.ch

Oak Ridge National Labs
U.S. Department of Energy site that includes documents on climate change. www.ornl.gov Oak Ridge National Labs, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Program (Information on estimated costs associated with the stabilization of greenhouse gases.) www.ornl.gov/ORNL/Energy_Eff/Energy_Eff.html

U.S. EPA's Climate Leaders Program
Climate Leaders is a voluntary EPA industry-government partnership that encourages companies to develop long-term comprehensive climate change strategies.

U.S. EPA's Climate Change site
Information and reports on climate change. www.epa.gov/climatechange

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Climate Policy & Economic Resources

Center for Clean Air Policy
The publications section of this site provides information on emissions trading and other issues related to climate change. The center, which was founded by a bipartisan group of state governors, focuses on market-based approaches to environmental problems. www.ccap.org

Climate Protection Initiative (CPI)
Information on policies and business strategies for achieving strong climate protection goals. CPI is a joint effort between the World Resources Institute and private firms. http://climate.wri.org/project_text.cfm?ProjectID=197

Environmental Defense
Information on global warming related to environmental incentive mechanisms. www.environmentaldefense.org/system/templates/page/issue.cfm?subnav=12

Environmental Resources Trust (ERT)
Information on creating markets for environmental resources. The nonprofit works with private companies, other nonprofit organizations and government agencies to develop market-oriented solutions to environmental problems. www.ert.net

Global Climate Change Policy Book (2002). Policy book provides executive summary of the Global Climate Change Initiatives President Bush announced on February 14, 2002. Highlighting the initiatives is a plan to reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of the U.S. economy by 18 percent between 2002 and 2012. www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/02/climatechange.html

Massachusetts Institute for Technology
The MIT Joint Program on the Science & Policy of Global Change is an interdisciplinary program focused on independent policy analysis and research on global environmental change issues. web.mit.edu/globalchange/www/

NRC (2001). Climate Change Science: An Analysis of Some Key Questions. Committee on the Science of Climate Change, Division of Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington D.C. May 2001. books.nap.edu/openbook/0309075742/html/index.html

Pew Center on Global Climate Change
Information on an effort sponsored by the Pew Charitable Trusts to encourage major international companies and other organizations to work together in educating the public on climate change risks, challenges, and solutions. Among other things, the effort involves exploring beneficial products, practices, and technologies. www.pewclimate.org

Resources for the Future's Weathervane
The nonprofit RFF's site serves as a digital forum for global climate change policy. www.weathervane.rff.org

U.S. Department of State site
Information, government statements, and reports on global climate change issues and greenhouse gas emissions reduction goals. www.state.gov/g/oes/climate/.

U.S. Department of State (2002). Climate Action Report: 2002 Submission of the United States of America Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

U.S. EPA's Climate Protection Partnerships Division
IThe Division works with businesses, organizations, governments, and consumers to reduce emissions of the greenhouse gases that contribute to global climate change by promoting greater use of energy efficient and other cost-effective technologies. www.epa.gov/cpd.html

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Energy Policy & Mitigation Resources

Department of Energy's (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory

DOE's Office of Fossil Energy

DOE's Office of Science

Energy Modeling Forum, Stanford University
The EMF (Energy Modeling Forum) was established in 1976 to provide a structured forum within which energy experts from government, industry, universities, and other research organizations could meet to study important energy and environmental issues of common interest. www.stanford.edu/group/EMF/home/index.htm

The Global Energy Technology Strategy Program
The program is a joint initiative between Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute and the University of Maryland. The program focuses on the role that technology can play in addressing the long-term risks of climate change. www.pnl.gov/gtsp/index.stm

Massachusetts Institute for Technology
The MIT Joint Program on the Science & Policy of Global Change is an interdisciplinary program focused on independent policy analysis and research on global environmental change issues. web.mit.edu/globalchange/www/

The International Energy Agency
IEA provides its Member countries with analytical work on energy and climate change. www.iea.org/Textbase/subjectqueries/index.asp, www.ieagreen.org.uk/

U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration site
Documents on climate change from DOE's independent statistical and analysis agency. www.eia.doe.gov

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Agriculture Policy & Mitigation Resources

Consortium for Agricultural Soils Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases (CASMGS)

Global Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship by Ruminant Livestock Producers (PDF) (19 pp, 162K, About PDF).
A comprehensive education program developed in collaboration with the Future Farmers of America.

Livestock Analysis Model (LAM) Software. Downloadable software and user manual that allows you to:

Small Steps Make A Difference Booklet (PDF) (16 pp, 159K, About PDF).

Texas A&M University, faculty research on agriculture and climate mitigation.
Dr. Bruce McCarl’s research on mitigation of greenhouse gases in the agriculture and forestry sectors. ageco.tamu.edu/faculty/mccarl/

US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Agricultural Resource Service Program on Global Change

USDA's Economic Research Service

USDA's Forest Service

USDA's Global Change Program Office

USDA's Natural Resources Conservation Service

U.S. EPA/USDA's agriculture and forestry Greenhouse Gas Modeling Forum

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Inventory Resources

Draft Emissions and Projections of Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases for Developing Countries: 1990-2020 (PDF) (73 pp, 1.3MB) Currently, this report is out for comment. Please submit comments by contacting Elizabeth Scheehle at scheehle.elizabeth@epa.gov.

IPCC (1997). Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (Revised in 1996). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs1.htm

IPCC (2000). Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gp/gpgaum.htm

U.S. EPA (2006). Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (1990-2004). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-06-002 Visit epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/usinventoryreport.html

United Nations' Framework Convention on Climate Change site
Information and documents on the FCCC and climate change. www.unfccc.de

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Methane Science

Dlugokencky, E.J., Houweling, S., Bruhwiler, L., Masarie, K.A., Lang, P.M., Miller, J.B. and Tans, P.P. (2003). Geophysical Research Letters 30: 10.1029/2003GL018126.

Dlugokencky, E.J., K.A. Masarie, P.M. Lange, and P.P. Tans (1998). Continuing Decline in the Growth Rate of the Atmospheric Methane Burden. Nature 393:447-450 (June 4).

Etheridge, D.M., G.I. Pearman, and P.J. Fraser (1994). Historical CH4 record from the "DE08" ice core at Law Dome, pp. 256-260. In: Boden et al., 1993. Trends '93. (See CDIAC, 1993.)

Fung, I., J. John, J. Lerner, E. Matthews. M. Prather, L.P. Steele, and P.J. Fraser (1991). Three-dimensional model synthesis of the global methane cycle. Journal of Geophysical Research 96:13,033-13,065.

Kvenvolden, K.A. (1991). A review of arctic gas hydrates as a source of methane in global change. In: Weller, G., C. Wilson, and B. Severin, eds. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Role of the Polar Regions in Global Change. Geophysica Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks. December.

Simpson, Isobel J., Donald R. Blake, F. Sherwood Rowland and Tai-Yih Chen (2002). Implications of the recent fluctuations in the growth rate of tropospheric methane. Geophysical Research Letters, 29: 10.1029/2001GL014521.

U.S. EPA (1993b). Current and Future Methane Emissions From Natural Sources. Reports to Congress. Office of Air and Radiation. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-93-011. Executive Summary / Table of Contents / Order Form

U.S. EPA (1993c). Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States: Estimates for 1990. Report to Congress. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-93-003. Executive Summary / Table of Contents / Order Form

U.S. EPA (1993d). Opportunities to Reduce Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States. Report to Congress. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-93-0012. Table of Contents / Order Form

U.S. EPA (2010). Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Natural Sources. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 430-R-10-001, April 2010. You can electronically download this document from U.S. EPA's Web page at: http://www.epa.gov/methane/sources.html

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Black Carbon

Air Pollution as a Climate Forcing. Presentation by Tami Bond.
www.giss.nasa.gov/meetings/pollution02/d2_bond.html

U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program

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International References & Resources

Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE)
Information about climate change. ABARE provides applied economic research with a specialty in commodities.
www.abare.gov.au

Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Trading Pilot (Gert)
Information on pilot program for testing the effectiveness of emission reduction trading for greenhouse gases in the Canadian context. The program involves the Canadian federal government, a number of provinces, industry, labor, and environmental groups. The objective of the pilot is to evaluate the environmental and economic benefits of an emission reduction trading system, as well as the technical, administrative, and legal aspects. www.gert.org

IIASA
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. Research focused on developing energy resources in an environmentally friendly way for a growing world population. www.iiasa.ac.at

National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)
Information on climate change and other topics. This research institute is located in Bilthoven, the Netherlands. www.rivm.nl

U.N. FCCC Climate Secretariat

U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization

U.S. EPA (1993a). Options for Reducing Methane Emissions Internationally, vols. I & II.
Office of Air and Radiation. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-93-006 and EPA 430-R-93-006B. (Volume I: Table of Contents Volume II: Table of Contents / Order Form

U.S. Country Studies Program
Information on U.S.-related climate change efforts in specific countries. www.gcrio.org/CSP/webpage.html

U.S. Global Change Research Program

World Bank
Information and documents on climate change and the World Bank's Global Carbon Initiative. http://carbonfinance.org/

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