![[logo] US EPA](http://www.epa.gov/epafiles/images/logo_epaseal.gif){kind=logo}
C2P2 Key Resources
You will need Adobe Reader to view some of the files on this page. See EPA's PDF page to learn more.
General Information
C2P2 Fact Sheet EPA530-F-07-010 (PDF) (2 pp,217K)
Learn more about the C2P2 program.
World of Coal Ash is a biennial conference organized by the American Coal Ash Association (ACAA) and the University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER). The WOCA Library contains links 
to all of the papers presented at WOCA conferences dating back to 1999.
The ACAA has published a Glossary of Terms Concerning the Management and Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) (PDF) (36 pp, 445K) that provides helpful definitions of both common and obscure terms related to CCPs.
Links to CCP Production
and Use Survey Data
Each year, the American Coal Ash Association (ACAA) surveys its membership concerning the production and use of CCPs. These data are combined with utility industry data from the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration (EIA), and ACAA publishes the results in its annual survey. Materials covered include fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, FGD material, and FBC material; applications surveyed include concrete products, structural fills, wallboard, mining applications, and others. Surveys dating back to 2001 are available on the ACAA website.
The EIA collects annual information on coal ash production, disposal, and beneficial use from U.S. power plants via Form EIA-923, Schedule 8 (PDF). (19 pp, 187K, About PDF) In particular, the form collects information on fly ash, bottom ash, FGD gypsum, other FGD products, and coal gasification ash, by boiler type as relevant. It notes where (on-site vs. off-site) the ash was disposed, stored, used, or sold. It also collects information related to expenditures and revenues from ash collection. These data were previously collected via Form EIA-767, and the Web page related to this form offers historical survey data for 2001 - 2005.
Cement and Concrete
Report to Congress: “Study on Increasing the Usage of Recovered Mineral Components in Federally Funded Projects Involving Procurement of Cement or Concrete” (PDF) (225 pp, 1.7M)
A novel way to upgrade the coarse part of a high calcium fly ash for reuse into cement systems (PDF) (9 pp, 895K)
This paper from Waste Management by Drs. S.K. Antiohos and S. Tsimas of the National Technical University of Athens, Greece, examines a new method whereby coarse “reject” fly ash is processed so that may be suitable for use in cement applications.
Highway Applications
Fly Ash Facts for Highway Engineers (PDF) (81 pp, 6.1M) Provides basic information about the uses of fly ash from the Federal Highway Administration.
User Guidelines for Byproducts and Secondary Use Materials in Pavement Construction
This progress report provides an update of an ongoing study to evaluate whether the Industrial Waste Management Evaluation Model (IWEM) can be used as a predictive tool to accurately determine whether leaching from materials will result in significant changes in groundwater concentrations when the materials are reused as a base or sub-base in a roadway.
The American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) has developed standards for using recycled industrial materials in cement and concrete. AASHTO M 295 is the standard specification for using fly ash in cement and concrete in roadways. It is available for purchase from the AASHTO Bookstore.
Building Applications
CCP Building Applications
Provides guidance on finding and using CCP materials in building applications, and includes links to related research, standards, and resources.
Statement by Gov. Schwarzenegger on EPA Award for California’s Leadership in the Construction Use of Waste Products Statement following the EPA's award to Caltrans for the use of recycled ash from burned coal in concrete for the construction of the new Bay Bridge.
Federal Green Construction Guide for Specifiers
To address the need for a comprehensive guide for procuring green building products and construction services within the Federal government, EPA has partnered with the Federal Environmental Executive and the Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG) to develop the Federal Green Construction Guide for Specifiers.
Agricultural Applications
Agricultural Uses for Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Gypsum Brochure (PDF), (6 pp, 143K) EPA530-F-08-009 - We are providing this unofficial pre-publication copy for public reference.
General Use Guidelines and Information
National Synthesis Report on Regulations, Standards, and Practices Related to the Use of Coal Combustion Products (PDF) (65 pp, 451K)
Waste and Materials-Flow Benchmark Sector Report: Beneficial Use of Secondary Materials - Coal Combustion Products (PDF) (95 pp, 558K)
This report provides an initial assessment of the baseline practices, markets, and policies that affect the recovery and use of CCPs, as well as an overview of life cycle information available to estimate incremental benefits associated with additional beneficial use.
Use of EPA’S Industrial Waste Management Evaluation Model (IWEM) to Support Beneficial Use Determinations (PDF) (85 pp, 1.2M)
Risk Data
Accompanying the Agricultural Uses for Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Gypsum Brochure posted above, EPA has provided some preliminary data about the trace element constituents of FGD gypsum and mined gypsum. The data are available in a PDF summary (PDF) (1 pp, 16K) or a detailed Excel form (XLS). (166K)
Facility Average Concentrations of Trace Constituents in Comanaged Coal Combustion Wastes (PDF), (1 pp, 15K) selected table from Wastes from the Combustion of Fossil Fuels, EPA 530-R-99-010
Selected tables (PDF) (7 pp, 35K) from Technical Background Document for the Report to Congress on Remaining Wastes from Fossil Fuel Combustion: Waste Characterization