Marine Water Quality
This indicator measures water quality based on seawater density stratification from 1998-2004 in Puget Sound and 1999-2004 in the Georgia Basin. Seawater density stratification is an indicator of: (1) the degree of mixing within the water column; (2) its resilience to mixing; and (3) the likelihood that aspects of poor water quality will develop due to human-induced pressures.

References

The following links may provide helpful information and are located outside the EPA.gov domain.

1. "Marine Water Quality Monitoring: Parameters" Washington State Department of Ecology. <http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/eap/marinewq/helpnotes/param_descriptions.asp>

2. Newton, J., Albertson, S., Van Voorhis, K., Maloy, C. and Siegel, E. "Washington State Marine Water Quality, 1998 through 2000."
Ecology Publication: 02-03-056. 2002. <http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0203056.html>

3. Marine Water Quality Monitoring. Environmental Assessment Program: <http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/eap/mar_wat/mwm_intr.html>

4. S. Albertson, B. Grantham, Washington State Department of Ecology, and J. Newton, University of Washington.

5. "Ocean Sciences." Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada. <http://www-sci.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/osap/default_e.htm>

6. D. Masson, Institute of Ocean Sciences, DFO, Canada.

7. AIRWeather: Glossary of Terms. <http://weather.air-worldwide.com/_public/glossary_faq/gfaq_glos_terms.asp>

8. "Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen Study." Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen Program. <http://www.hoodcanal.washington.edu>

9. "Puget Sound Regional Synthesis Model." University of Washington. <http://www.prism.washington.edu>

10. M. Warner, J. Newton, University of Washington. (see <http://www.hoodcanal.washington.edu/observations/historicalcomparison.jsp> for background for this chart).

11. "Dissolved Oxygen in Hood Canal": Brochure.<http://www.hoodcanal.washington.edu/aboutHC/brochure.html>

12. Newton, J., S. Albertson, K. Van Voorhis, C. Maloy and E. Siegel. 2002. Washington State Marine Water Quality, 1998 through 2000. Ecology Publication 02-03-056, or Newton et al. 2002; <http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0203056.html>

13. Newton et al., 2002

14. Masson D. and P. Cummins. 2004. "Observations and modeling of seasonal variability in the Straits of Georgia and Juan de Fuca." Journal of Marine Research, 62, 491-516

15. Environmental History and Features of Puget Sound. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. <http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/publications/techmemos/tm44/environment.htm>

16. Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen Program: <http://www.hoodcanal.washington.edu>

17. Thom, R., Blanton, S., Woodruff, D., Williams, G., and Borde, A. 2001."Carbon Sinks in Nearshore Marine Vegetated Ecosystems." Paper published in Proceedings of the First National Conference on Carbon Sequestration, Washington, DC, May 14-17, 2001

18. "Wildlife Viewing Activities in Washington: A Strategic Viewing Plan." 2004. Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife and Washington State Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development <http://www.wdfw.wa.gov/viewing/viewing_plan/final_viewing_plan_apr2104.pdf> (53pp. 2.1MB, PDF)

19. Washington Administrative Code 173-210A, Section 30-1(c)

20. "Network for Buisness Innovation and Sustainability." Homepage. <http://www.nbis.org>

21. "Business Solutions for a Sound Environment." Resource Venture. <http://www.resourceventure.org>

22. "Hazardous Waste and Toxic Reduction Program." Homepage. <http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/hwtr>

23. Section 6.44, Vol. II of Wetlands in Washington State. Washington State Department of Ecology. Pub 05-06-008. 2005

24. Glasoe, S. and Beale, H. "New Approaches to Shellfish Protection in Puget Sound." 2005. Puget Sound Action Team. <http://www.psat.wa.gov>

25. D. Masson, Institute of Ocean Sciences, DFO, Canada.

   

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