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SCRDI Dixiana
National Information
Photos/Multimedia
Building housing the ground water extraction and treatment system at the SCRDI Dixiana site.
- Additional Site Photos
- Site Video
Additional Resources
- Site Cleanup Terms - can be found in EPA's glossary
- EPA Guides to Cleanup Technologies
- Superfund Community Involvement (PDF) (17 pp, 130K, About PDF)
Site Summary Profile
EPA ID: SCD980711394Location: Cayce, Lexington County, SC
Lat/Long: 33.904450, -081.063880
Congressional District: 02
NPL Status: Proposed: 12/30/82; Final: 09/08/83
Affected Media: Ground water
Cleanup Status: Construction Complete - Physical cleanup activities have been completed.
Site Reuse/Redevelopment: Potential for Commercial
Site Manager: Yvonne Jones (jones.yvonneo@epa.gov)
Site Background
The South Carolina Recycling and Disposal, Inc. (SCRDI) Dixiana site is located in West Columbia, Lexington County, South Carolina and occupies two acres. The site includes the SCRDI Dixiana Property, where the groundwater extraction and treatment system and a privately owned warehouse are located. Two residential properties are located to the east of the site. While the remainder of the area surrounding the Site is currently being developed for commercial land uses.
In 1978, SCRDI leased the site for drum storage of industrial wastes, including paints, solvents, acids, waste oils, phenols, and dyes. Instances of poor handling practices, leaky drums, and exposure to the weather created a number of discharges to the environment before the estimated 1,100 drums were removed from the site.
Due to the presence of groundwater contamination, the EPA listed the site on its National Priorities List (NPL) in September 1983. To determine the extent of contamination, EPA conducted a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) between 1984 and 1985. The RI/FS confirmed that no buried wastes remained on the Site and that there was no significant contamination in surface water, sediments or soils. The RI/FS did confirm VOC contamination in the groundwater underlying the Site. Some semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) and metals were also detected at low concentrations in the groundwater.
Threats and Contaminants
1979 and 1980 investigations conducted by SCDHEC, showed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were found in the groundwater and visibly contaminated soil containing high levels of metals and VOCs were located throughout the Site. Subsequently, SCRDI removed all drummed wastes and visibly contaminated surface soil was stockpiled for later disposal. SCDHEC also informed the owners of the residential wells located adjacent to the Site of the contamination and advised them to seek an alternative drinking water supply. The nearby residents now utilize municipal water from the City of Cayce.
Site Cleanup Plan
The Record of Decision (ROD) for the site was issued in 1986. Major cleanup elements for the site included:
- Extraction of groundwater using deep well technology.
- Treatment of groundwater using an on-site water treatment system.
- Discharge of treated groundwater to surface water.
Construction of the remedy began in October 1990; however, EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) in 1991 to change the remedial components of the remedy. The ESD selected more cost-effective components for the groundwater extraction and treatment system, including the use of a pyrolox metal media filter system instead of a clarifier and greensand filters, and called for discharging groundwater into the City of Cayce’s Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) instead of surface water. The construction of the remedy was completed in September 1992.
EPA signed a second ESD in September 22, 2010, which added the requirement for groundwater institutional controls to be included in the decision documents.
Cleanup Progress
Residences with wells that had been contaminated by site-related activities were connected to municipal water lines from the City of Cayce.
Construction of the ground water system described in the 1986 ROD commenced on October 15, 1990 and was completed on September 23, 1992. Since initialization of the system in 1992, over 135 million gallons of ground water have been extracted, treated, and discharged to the POTW. Levels of contaminants are decreasing and the migration of the ground water plume is under control.
Site cleanup activities, as well as operation and maintenance of the ground water system, are being led primarily by potentially responsible parties (PRPs) with oversight by EPA.
Enforcement Activities
An August 1978 SCDHEC suit against SCRDI resulted in a Court Order which banned further shipments of waste to the site. Thereafter, SCRDI removed all drummed wastes from the property. In addition to moving drummed wastes, visibly contaminated surface soil was stockpiled and later removed from the site.
In February 1995, EPA issued a Unilateral Administrative Order changing the leadership of site cleanup activities to the PRPs.
Community Involvement
EPA has conducted a range of community involvement activities at the SCRDI Dixiana site to solicit community input and to ensure that the public remains informed about site activities throughout the site cleanup process. Outreach activities have included public notices, interviews, and public meetings on cleanup activities and updates.
Future Work
This site is subject to Five-Year Reviews (FYRs). ). The fourth FYR for this site was completed in September 2010. The results of this FYR indicate the remedy is protective in the short term because the groundwater extraction and treatment system continues to effectively remove groundwater contamination and the groundwater plume continues to decrease in size. At the current rate of reduction in contaminant concentrations, the remedial goals should be achieved within five years. However, until the remedial goals are achieved, institutional controls (ICs) are needed to prevent groundwater use, drilling wells, excavation digging or other ground disturbance that may disrupt the ground in any way that may interfere with the remedy and result in the movement of contaminated groundwater to areas off-site. ICs are in place on the development properties surrounding the SCRDI Dixiana Property, but are needed on the SCRDI Dixiana Property.
Groundwater will continue to be monitored and treated until the cleanup goals are reached.
The fifth FYR for this site is scheduled to be completed by September 2015.
A copy of the 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 Five-Year Reports can be viewed at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/fiveyear/
Site Administrative Documents
Site Repository
For more information or to view any site-related documents, please visit the site information repository at the following location. As new documents are generated, they will be placed in the information repository for public information.
R. H. Smith Library
1006 Twelfth Street
Cayce, SC 29033
For documents not available on the website, please contact the Region 4 Freedom of Information Office.