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Sites in Reuse in Florida
Alpha Chemical Corporation
Thanks to a partnership between EPA and the State of Florida, contamination at the Alpha Chemical Corporation Superfund site in Lakeland, Florida, has been cleaned up and the community's drinking water supply protected. Since 1967, the 32-acre site has produced polyester resin for fiberglass manufacturers. For ten years, plant operators dumped wastewater and debris into two unlined ponds on the property. The state requested assistance from EPA, which found hazardous substances in the ground water and surrounding wetlands. The ground water is used by nearby communities for drinking water. In 1983, EPA added the site to its list of hazardous waste sites needing cleanup, the National Priorities List (NPL). With EPA and the state providing oversight, the Alpha Resins Corporation cleaned the polluted ponds and monitored the contamination in the ground water. EPA deleted the site from the NPL in 1995. The cleanup and improved disposal practices have protected nearby residents and the environment and also enabled the manufacturer to continue to operate as a productive business in the community.
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Anaconda Aluminum Co./Milgo Electronics Corp.
The three-acre Anaconda Aluminum Co./Milgo Electronics Corp. site is located in Miami, Florida and consists of the adjacent one-acre Anaconda and two-acre Milgo sites. The Anaconda Aluminum Co. operated from 1957 to 1983. Anaconda conducted electrochemical processing using acids and an aluminum-laden caustic base to produce a film of protective coating on aluminum. From 1961 to 1984, Milgo Electronic performed chrome, nickel, and copper electroplating of data processing equipment, and manufactured cabinets for electronic components. Both companies disposed of liquid wastes via on-site drainfields. Sampling conducted in 1987 detected contamination of ground water with cyanide and heavy metals, such as cadmium, lead, zinc, iron, selenium, chromium, and copper from the former manufacturing and process waste disposal practices. Sediment, surface water, and soils contained heavy metals such as mercury, selenium, and arsenic. The contaminated ground water plume reached the Biscayne aquifer, the sole source of drinking water for South Florida, and this resulted in the site being added to the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990. Source soils were excavated and removed from the site to be disposed of at an EPA-approved facility. Ground water monitoring determined that the removal action had been effective and the site was deleted from the NPL in 1998. The former Anaconda facility is now used for warehousing activities, and the Milgo facility is occupied by a boat manufacturing operation.
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Beulah Landfill
The 101-acre Beulah Landfill Superfund site in Pensacola, Florida, served as a waste disposal area from 1966 until 1984, when the State ordered a halt to operations. In 1990, EPA added this site to its list of priority hazardous waste sites, the National Priorities List (NPL). The selected remedy included implementing institutional controls to limit future development at the site, taking steps to prevent trespassers from accessing the site, and completing a landfill closure according to Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) standards (these included capping the landfill area). The site was deleted from the NPL in 1998. Ground water monitoring continues on the site. After a number of discussions among stakeholders about potential uses for the site, the Northwest Florida Modelers, Inc. negotiated an agreement with Escambia County to use the site for aeromodeling. Today, the northern part of the Beulah Landfill, now known as Fritz Field, is a successful model airplane park that has received high praise from local news media. According to the terms of use, money generated from the use of the site cannot be used for individual profit, but rather must be invested in site improvements, ensuring the continued maintenance of the site.
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Cabot Koppers
The 170-acre Cabot/Koppers Superfund site is located in Gainesville, Florida. Since the early 1900s, two companies, Cabot Corporation and Koppers Co., Inc., operated pine tar, charcoal and wood-preserving facilities at two separate properties included in the site. Operations led to the release of hazardous wastes into unlined ponds, the site’s ground water, and the soil 30 feet below the surface. In 1984, EPA added the site to its national priority list of hazardous waste sites requiring cleanup. Collaboration among EPA, state and local government, previous owners and local developers has led to the site’s remediation and continued commercial use as a shopping complex and car dealership. On a six-acre portion of the site, a car dealership remains in operation, as well as a furniture store, a grocery store and additional retail stores. By working with local officials and property owners, EPA helped to keep the site in use as a productive asset for the community, while protecting human health and the environment.
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Cascade Park
The City of Tallahassee operated a manufactured gas plant on a section of the 7.8-acre Cascade Park site in downtown Tallahassee, Florida, from the early 1900s until the mid-1950s. Waste products from converting coal reserves to gas were released at the site, and municipal solid wastes were disposed in a landfill on site. Contaminants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in soil and ground water at the site, and a non time-critical removal action was initiated in November 2005 to excavate the soils, cap the landfill, and monitor the contaminated ground water. Once the removal action has been completed, the Cascade Park site will be positioned to become part of a larger, city-wide public park system that includes recreation trails and parks, public gathering places, and preservation corridors along the St. Augustine Branch stream. The excavated area near the site of the plant will be converted into a storm water retention basin to help improve the City’s storm water infrastructure. Cascade Park will also support an amphitheater, a baseball field, historic building renovations, and open space areas. The efforts underway at the site demonstrate the effectiveness of coordinating site remediation, infrastructure revitalization, and recreational reuse planning.
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Cecil Field Naval Air Station*
Cecil Field Air Station in Jacksonville, Florida, had several landfills, lagoons, waste piles, burn areas, and spill areas contaminated with chromium and lead. In 1989, EPA added the site to the Agency's list of hazardous waste sites needing cleanup because the contaminants threatened three aquifers under the Air Station. EPA, the U.S. Navy, and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection are cleaning up the site. To date, over 15,000 tons of contaminated soil has been treated or removed. Cecil Field will close in September of 1999. Portions of the base are already being reused for recreation and agriculture, and a lease has been signed with a defense contractor to move operations into a former Naval aviation repair building later this year. The city is marketing a portion of the site to Northrop Grumman; and the master plan for the city includes reusing the base runways for a new civilian airport. Several redevelopment proposals for the remaining areas of the base are being considered, including an equestrian center, a senior living community, and storage of National Guard aircraft.
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*Facility being closed and redeveloped under the Base Realignment and Closure Act.
Chemform, Inc.
The four-acre Chemform, Inc. site, located in Pompano Beach, Florida, operated as a precision machine shop manufacturing metal parts for the aerospace industry. Operations continued from 1967 to 1985, including conventional machine making and the manufacturing of a high-tech electro-chemical milling machine. A 1985 assessment found the soil and ground water at the site to be contaminated with heavy metals and other contaminants. The Biscayne aquifer extends underneath the site and supplies all municipal water to Broward County. The site was added to the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. Approximately 3,600 cubic yards of soil were excavated in addition to the removal of on-site drums and debris, and soil and sludge from two underground storage tanks. The remedy was effective in protecting human health and the environment and the site was deleted from the NPL in 2000. The site has been redeveloped and is currently in reuse as a wholesale building materials operation.
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City Industries, Inc.
The City Industries Superfund site is a former hazardous waste recycling and transfer facility in Goldenrod Township, Florida. City Industries received, handled, stored, reclaimed, and disposed of a variety of waste chemicals. The firm's improper disposal practices led to on-site soil and ground water contamination. The site was abandoned in 1983 after the state ordered the business closed, and in 1989, EPA added it to its list of hazardous waste sites needing cleanup. After EPA listed the site, it removed or treated contaminated soil and installed a ground water pump and treatment system. The site has been leased to Cato Steel while it negotiates a Prospective Purchaser Agreement with EPA. In the meantime, Cato has sublet a portion of the lot to Quality Metals, thereby returning it to productive economic use.
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Davie Landfill
The Davie Landfill Superfund site, located in Broward County, Florida, began operation in 1964 and continued until 1987. The landfill accepted construction debris, tires and municipal wastes. Additionally, grease trap material, septic tank sludge and treated municipal sludge were deposited in a basin at the site. Waste disposal activities led to the contamination of the site’s soils, sediments and ground water. With EPA’s oversight, Broward County remediated the cyanide and sulfide contaminated basin sediments, stabilizing the material in a disposal cell and capping the cell with a protective covering. Vinyl chloride and antimony contamination in the site’s ground water was addressed through monitored natural attenuation, and the most recent data shows that cleanup standards have been achieved. In 2006, the site was deleted from EPA’s list of priority hazardous waste sites, the National Priorities List (NPL). The site’s cleanup has also resulted in the creation of a new community resource for Broward County. The site’s remedy allows for a variety of recreational uses while a 50-acre portion of the site remains designated as a restricted use area that includes a buried municipal waste cell and a gas collection system. Approximately 160 acres of the 210-acre site have been transformed into Vista View Park, which includes walking trails, bike trails, horse trails, picnic shelters and a catch-and-release fishing pond. The development of the park was spurred by the efforts by various stakeholders including regulatory agencies, public officials, local residents and public interest groups. Vista View Park, which opened in July 2003, has helped fulfill the growing demand in the area for parkland and recreational facilities, as the County is now the second most populous county in Florida. Discussing the impact of the project on the surrounding area, one Broward County official noted, “It’s not much fun going to a landfill…In this case, a landfill has been changed into a beautiful space that’s usable for everyone.”
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Miami Drum Services
The William Lehman Operations and Maintenance Center in Miami, Florida, was built on the former Miami Drum Services Superfund site and supports Dade County's public electric rail system. A drum recycling facility operated at this site in southern Florida from 1966 to 1981. Corrosives, solvents, and toxic metals - used to clean the drums that had once contained chemical and hazardous waste - were dumped onto areas of the property contaminating soil and ground water used for drinking. Once Miami Drum Services ceased operations, Dade County acquired the property for a maintenance facility and repair yard for its public rail lines. However, hazardous waste contamination was discovered on the property, and, in 1983, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). After the site was listed, Dade County teamed with EPA to develop a strategy to remove 15,000 tons of contaminated soil and treat over 650,000 gallons of contaminated ground water. Thanks to the cleanup, Dade County was able to resume construction of the 82-acre train repair facility that is now in operation. This newly redeveloped maintenance center created new jobs and generated a significant increase in property value of the surrounding neighborhoods. Today, the facility ensures the safety, quality, and timeliness of Dade County's commuter trains that serve 50,000 people a day.
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Munisport Landfill
The Munisport Landfill Superfund site is an inactive municipal landfill located in North Miami, Florida. The 291-acre site was originally planned as trade and cultural center. The center’s developers accepted solid waste in the 1970s for use as fill material during construction. An estimated six million cubic yards of solid waste was ultimately deposited in an unlined landfill. The disposal activities caused the release of ammonia into the ground water and discharge into nearby surface water. EPA’s investigation of the site in 1988 and 1989 revealed that the landfill posed no threat to human health, but that it did pose a significant threat to aquatic organisms in the adjacent wetlands. A hydraulic barrier was installed to prevent contaminated ground water at the site from migrating to the Mangrove Preserve. The contaminated ground water was collected and treated. In addition, tidal wetland restoration activities were implemented to protect a nearby mangrove preserve. The site, which was deleted from EPA’s list of priority hazardous waste sites, the National Priorities List (NPL), in 1999, is now being transformed into Biscayne Landing, a planned development featuring approximately 25-acre commercial town center, 6,000 residential units, a park and recreation facilities, and a hotel. Ground was broken in 2003, and construction is expected to continue for approximately15 years. All development is planned as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certified. The project’s developers have also decided, as part of the agreement for the site, to build several additional facilities on Brownfield sites in North Miami.
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Normandy Park Apartments
The Normandy Park Apartments site occupies 9 acres in Temple Terrace, Florida, near the city of Tampa. From 1953 to 1963, Gulf Coast Recycling, Inc. operated a battery recycling and secondary lead smelting facility on the site. The company built a 144-unit apartment complex on the property in 1970. Lead and antimony are the primary contaminants of concern at the site, and while the property was proposed to the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) in 1995, the listing was never finalized. The site remedy included the excavation of contaminated soils within the apartment complex. These were tested, treated if necessary, and transported to an appropriate off-site disposal facility. The soil was replaced with clean fill and sod, and a ground water monitoring system was installed to track progress of natural attenuation. The buildings and parking lots on the site prevent exposure to soils beneath them and must be maintained to ensure the structures remain protective. The apartment complex, complete with two swimming pools, a playground, and tennis courts, continues to operate as a residential property.
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Northwest 58th Street Landfill
Imagine a mountain of garbage covering one square mile. That is what a visitor would have seen less than five years ago at the Northwest 58th Street Landfill in the Town of Hialeah, near Miami, Florida. But thanks to teamwork among EPA, the State of Florida, and Dade County, the municipal landfill has been transformed into a beautiful wildlife refuge that includes wetlands, a large lake, nature trails, and educational tours for the public. Dade County began operating the landfill in 1952, accepting pesticides, paints, and solvents in addition to household garbage. The state called on EPA to help investigate the site's ground water, and the Agency found severe contamination with heavy metals and toxic chemicals. In 1983, EPA added the site to its list of priority hazardous waste sites, the National Priorities List (NPL). EPA worked with the county to clean up the property and prepare it for future reuse. Through careful design, they constructed a lake for wading birds and trails with lookout centers. Together, EPA and the county worked to eliminate threats to the surrounding community while encouraging a reuse that would benefit the public and the environment. In 1996, EPA removed the site from the NPL.
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Parramore Surplus
The 25-acre Parramore Surplus Company Superfund site, in Mount Pleasant, Florida, is home to an active storage and resale company for Navy and Air Force surplus equipment. Beginning in 1972, Parramore stored nearly 600 drums of hazardous waste on-site, which leaked into the soil and ground water. In 1983, EPA added the site to its list of hazardous waste sites needing cleanup, and developed a plan to clean the site. Cleanup included removing contaminated soil, and treating and monitoring the ground water. In consultation with the state, EPA deleted the site from its list in 1989. The cleanup enabled the surplus company to remain open for business, retaining jobs and income in the community.
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Pepper Steel & Alloys, Inc.
The Pepper Steel and Alloys, Inc. (PSA) site is composed of three property parcels, which total approximately 25 acres, in Medley, Florida. Past on-site operations included manufacturing of batteries, pre-cast concrete products, and fiberglass boats, as well as the repair and service of trucks and heavy equipment. Additionally, sandblasting and painting services, a concrete batching plant, and an automobile scrap operation were located on-site. PSA operations included recycling of electrical transformers, where waste oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was dumped on the ground. Trash and waste products from site operations were deposited at the site. A site assessment found PCBs, lead and arsenic present in site soils. Infiltration by these chemicals would contaminate ground water which flows to the Biscayne aquifer, the sole source of drinking water for South Florida. The site was added to the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Free oil on the site was collected and disposed of off-site. Contaminated soils were excavated, solidified/stabilized with a cement mixture and placed on-site beneath a crushed limestone cap. Reuse of the site has received significant interest since on-site tree growth was cleared. A trucking and transportation company purchased a five-acre parcel of the site and has been operating there since 2005. Another ten-acre parcel sold in 2006 and houses a pre-cast concrete product company, as well as a storage facility for land-sea containers. The remaining ten-acre parcel is being leased as a truck staging area.
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Piper Aircraft Corp.
The Piper Aircraft Corp. site in Vero Beach, Florida is approximately eighty acres in size and operates as an active manufacturing facility for small commuter and business planes. Soil and ground water contamination at the site resulted from a leak in an underground storage tank containing trichloroethylene (TCE), a volatile organic compound. In 1978, TCE and related breakdown products were detected in on-site ground water, as well as in a city well located across the street from the southern boundary of the property. These findings resulted in the installation of a ground water pump and treatment system in 1981 and the addition of the site to the Superfund National Priorities List in 1990. The remedial design for an improved pump and treatment system was completed in 1997 and the new ground water extraction and treatment system has been operational since 1998. Ground water monitoring will continue until the cleanup goals are reached and Piper Aircraft, Inc. is currently working with EPA and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection to augment the treatment process by conducting a bioremediation pilot study.
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Solitron Devices
The 8-acre Solitron Devices Superfund site in Riviera Beach, Florida was a former manufacturing facility of electronic components for the defense and space industries from 1959 to 1992. Chlorinated solvents used at the site were discharged into city sewers and subsequently led to ground water contamination. EPA began site investigations in 1997 and recognized at the outset that site remediation, existing site uses, and reuse could be integrated. In 1999, EPA entered into a prospective purchaser agreement in 1999 for the northern, four-acre portion of the property. This portion, which includes a warehouse, parking lot and paved entrance road, was abandoned by Solitron Devices and lay vacant for more than eight years before its purchase in 2000. The warehouse has since been renovated and landscaped and is leased at full capacity for commercial and light industrial use. The property’s reuse is providing new jobs and tax revenues for the City of Riviera Beach. Remedial activities are ongoing at the 4-acre southern portion of the site. A Record of Decision regarding remediation of the ground water at the site was signed in December of 2004. The remedy calls for extraction and treatment of the contaminated ground water and reinjection of the treated ground water into the aquifer. The Solitron Devices site demonstrates how reuse planning can be effectively coordinated with ongoing remediation.
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Solitron Microwave
The 20-acre Solitron Microwave Superfund site in Port Salerno, Florida, was the location of a film resistor and connector plating and manufacturing business. Between 1968 and January 1987, industrial solvents used at the site leaked from pipes and concrete drum pads leading to the contamination of the surrounding soils and ground water. EPA initiated investigation at the site in 1998 and issued a Record of Decision in 2000 that called for soil removal, in-situ chemical oxidation of the most highly contaminated portion of the site’s ground water plume, water line extensions (for residents in the area to access the public water supply), and monitored natural attenuation for the remaining ground water contamination. Construction of the site’s remedy was completed in 2004. EPA has also provided key information to facilitate the site’s reuse by working with local officials and prospective purchasers. In response to concerns about the site’s stigma and potential liability issues, EPA issued a comfort letter and entered into a prospective purchaser agreement with Port Salerno Industrial Park LLC. The company has plans to reuse the site as an industrial park space for warehouse, office, and commercial retail land uses. In addition, six acres at the site are reserved for wetland areas, an upland preserve for native plant habitat, a 50-foot natural buffer between the site and surrounding residential areas, and a surface water retention basin for storm water management. The industrial park has been constructed and two of the seven lots have been sold.
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Southern Solvents
The half-acre Southern Solvents Superfund site located in Tampa, Florida, formerly housed a dry cleaning solvents distribution facility. Between the 1977 and 1989, perchloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) were both stored in above ground tanks and tanker trucks at the site. Over time, periodic spills led to the contamination of the site’s soil and ground water. EPA completed a preliminary assessment of the site in 1994 and the site was subsequently added to EPA’s list of priority hazardous waste sites, the National Priorities List (NPL), in July 2000. Ongoing remedial activities at the site are targeting the site’s PCE soil and ground water contamination, and a separate TCE ground water plume. Contaminated soils are being addressed through a combination of soil vapor extraction and in-situ chemical oxidation. A ground water monitoring program is also in place to identify and track potential impacts to the underlying Floridian aquifer. Since 1998, a commercial painting business, AAA Diversified Services, has operated at the Southern Solvents site alongside remediation activities. EPA has worked with AAA Diversified Services owner Jerry Borseth to coordinate remedial activities and to address potential liability concerns. In 2004, EPA entered into a prospective purchaser agreement with Mr. Borseth allowing him to purchase the property and continue operating his business. This working partnership demonstrates how EPA’s goals of protecting human health and the environment at contaminated properties can be achieved without creating unnecessary barriers for site users.
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Stauffer Chemical
Built in 1947, the Stauffer Chemical plant in Tarpon Springs, Florida, made phosphorus from phosphate ore until it closed in 1981. In 1994, EPA placed the site on its list of hazardous waste sites needing cleanup, when contaminated water was discovered. Although the combustible phosphorus has been removed, the site remains contaminated with tons of radioactive dirt and chemicals such as arsenic and elemental phosphate. Redevelopment plans for the site include an 18-hole golf course.
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Taylor Road Landfill
The 42-acre Taylor Road Landfill Superfund site in Hillsborough County, Florida, is one municipal landfill in a complex of three landfills owned and operated by Hillsborough County from 1976 to 1980. In October 1979, EPA discovered volatile organic compounds and metals in site monitoring wells drilled into the Floridan Aquifer. In 1983, EPA added the Taylor Road Landfill to its list of hazardous waste sites needing cleanup. Hillsborough County closed all three landfills and began a 30-year maintenance and monitoring program. The landfills were capped and a vegetation cover, gas collection system, and ground water drainage system were put in place. By 1995 much of the ground water contamination had attenuated, and a buffer zone was created around the landfills. The remedy was completed in 1999 and ground water monitoring continues. A portion of the landfill complex is currently being used as a flying field for a local model airplane club, and another portion is generating electricity from recovered methane gas. Hillsborough County is considering other reuse options, such as a transfer station, recycling center, hay production or recreational use. EPA will continue to work with Hillsborough County and any other stakeholders to support further reuse at the site.
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Trans Circuits
The Trans Circuits Superfund site occupies one acre in an industrial park in Lake Park, Palm Beach County, Florida. From 1978 to 1988, Trans Circuits, Inc. operated a manufacturing and electroplating facility for components used in electronic circuit boards. Liquid waste from electroplating processes at the site were deposited in an evaporation pond and eventually leaked into the site’s soils and ground water. The site was placed on EPA’s list of priority hazardous waste sites, the National Priorities List (NPL), in 2000. EPA’s 2001 Record of Decision required the excavation of 200 cubic yards of contaminated soils, and the treatment of ground water contaminants. Soil removal actions were completed in 2004, and the site’s ground water remediation is ongoing. A 21,000 square foot former manufacturing building remains on the site. In 2000, the established recycling company ConceptEco took an interest in a portion of the manufacturing building at the site. ConceptEco’s owner was attracted to the idea of locating a business based on recycling at a Superfund site. Later in 2000, after helping to clarify the site’s characteristics and current status, EPA entered into a prospective purchaser agreement with ConceptEco, allowing the company to begin leasing property free of liability and to ultimately relocate its operations to the site. Since 2001, the company has been creating and marketing 100 percent recycled-content clothing and accessories at the site; its clients include local, state, and federal recycling programs, government agencies, and corporations, including EPA Region 9, Ford Motor Company, General Motors, and PepsiCo, Inc. In 2004, ConceptEco purchased the property and is currently in the process of planning an expansion of their facilities.
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Tri-City Oil Conservation
While the Tri-City Oil Conservation Corporation was in operation, the State of Florida received complaints about the odor and sloppy practices at the facility. Thousands of gallons of oil had been spilled, and sludge containing heavy metals covered the site. In 1984, EPA added the site to its list of hazardous waste sites needing cleanup, and subsequently removed contaminated soil and sludge to stop the chemicals from spreading to the ground water. After additional tests confirmed that all threats to human health and the environment had been eliminated, EPA deleted the site from the list. Shortly after, the owners of Mike's Garage purchased the property and converted the original building into a service station. The business was so successful that they expanded operations to include an additional five-bay garage. The partnership among EPA, the state, and the private developer was a key ingredient in the cooperation that led to the reuse of the site.
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Varsol Spill
The Varsol Spill site is located under the northeast portion of the Miami International Airport, which continues to operate. The site and two others, the Miami Drum Services site and the Northwest 58th Street Landfill, are being collectively considered as one management unit for the cleanup investigation and selection of the cleanup activities. All three properties overlie the Biscayne Aquifer, which is the sole source of drinking water for the residents of southeastern Florida. Since 1966, there have been approximately 15 spills and leaks at the site, totaling 2 million gallons. Approximately 1.6 million gallons of this total were attributed to a petroleum solvent discharge from an underground pipeline leak at the Miami International Airport. The surface water and ground water were contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the site was added to the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. An investigative study in 1985 determined that there was no trace of the petroleum solvent at or around the airport. Several factors are thought to have contributed to the dissipation of the contaminants in the aquifer, including contaminant recovery, biodegradation, and incorporation into "background" contamination of the aquifer. EPA determined that no action needed to take place at this site because it posed no public or environmental threat. The site was deleted from the NPL in 1988.
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Woodbury Chemical Co. (Princeton Plant)
The Woodbury Chemical site located in Princeton, Florida is a five acre site at which the Woodbury Chemical Company has formulated, distributed, and sold fertilizers and pesticides since 1975. In 1979, following a toxaphene spill at the site, the Dade County Department of Environmental Resources Management found excessive levels of nitrates in drinking water wells both on-site and off-site. In addition to the toxaphene-contaminated soils, subsequent sampling by EPA in the 1980s and 1990s confirmed on-site soil contaminated with low levels of pesticides and chromium, while off-site soils contained pesticides and arsenic. Ground water was likewise contaminated with pesticides, chromium, arsenic, and nitrates. The site was added to the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990 and the Woodbury Chemical Company proceeded to excavate and remove the toxaphene-contaminated soil in the area of the spill. In June 1992, EPA’s final cleanup decision for the site called for No Further Action for the soil and Monitoring Only Action for the ground water. Ground water monitoring demonstrated that the site posed no significant risk to public health and the site was deleted from the NPL in 1995. The site remained in industrial use during remediation. The southern portion of the site is now in use as a salvage yard, and a residence and a vehicle maintenance/repair shop are located on the northern and eastern areas of the site.
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