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GIOU[agmsAutoList1481.A.1.1.1.1.1.1.(GIOU[agmsAutoList132A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(GIOU[agmsAutoList133A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(VGIOU[agmsAutoList134I.I.I.I.I.I.I.I.a[Inline Te&xt" <<C dA<< c V $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    13    _,X:~XXXPerformancePartnershipsareakeycomponentoftheNationalEnvironmental  PerformancePartnershipSystem(NEPPS),oneofseveralreinventioninitiativeslaunchedbyEPAdesignedtoredefinetheFederal/Stateoversightrelationship.ThepurposeofNEPPSisto   encourageStatesandEPAtodirectscarceresourcestothehighestenvironmentalpriorities,provideStatesgreaterflexibilitytoachieveimprovedresults,enhancepublicunderstandingofenvironmentalconditionsandchoices,andimproveaccountabilityforperformance.PerformancePartnershipAgreementsarethestrategicdocumentsthatprovidetheframeworkforStatesandEPAintheNEPPSprocess.TheseagreementsareaproductofjointplanningandprioritysettingbetweenStatesandEPA,withtheultimategoalsofimprovingenvironmentalperformanceandstrengtheningrelationships.#XXX,X:~#WPC,,**!*)   C*P_wnu]gř֤222hr)4:cn\l4FFF%ZZPP<GZZZXpb@Lnnnc@@0}Sh mPdtHcy,$8NNz`p$i͌}dmtޱ45,   "--  P "Arial5-  "------2   EPA-S/L/T 9989/4 2  Partnership9///+/.   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"2 qjComplete Step 2, <-E-..6-.- $2 jProgram Development7-.-E<-*.-.D.- !2 `jComplete Step 3,<-E-..6-.- 2 jImplementationD.-E-.--. 2 %n Meet goalsE-..-.) 2 " Meet goalsD.--.-* 2 " Meet goalsE-...-* (2 jComplete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. (2 Complete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. (2 Complete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. (2 > Complete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. '2 %hInstitute backstop -*.-.-**).- %2 hmeasures (if needed)D.-*.-*-..-.- $2 &: Implement backstop E-.D-.-.*)*-. %2 : measures (if needed)E-.*-.*-.-.-. -2 $Additional measures taken6.--.-D.-*.-*-*.- 2  (if needed).-.-.- -2 &Additional measures taken7-..-.E-.)..)-*.- 2  (if needed).-..-. "2 jS/L/T submits MOU/7-3*.-E*DA; "2 jAction Plan to EPA7*.-6.--767 42  Certification that S/L/T plan ;.).-..-6.2..- *2 8  meets minimum elements D.-*D-D.D..D.-* .2 + S/L/T begins or continues 7-3.-.-*-*-.-.-* (2 @ + to implement steps 1-3.E--E-.).-*-. 2 %> Meet goalsE-...-* z z z   "-%z z -$  $$ z ]$    % $  $$ $    %  $  $$  $  ------2 jBegin program 7-.-....D 2 B jimplementationD.-E-.--. 2 Begin program 7-..-.-.D 2 B implementationD.-E-..-. i     "-%  i- $ Q   "--(p o-   o- - C C_o_    "--($  3 N- o- !  & 9 C_C ( oO 4_  ------?2 %S/L/T continue to implement existing 7-3*.--...E-.D-.-*).- 2 programs 2000+-.-.D*-.-.0$U$$UG$GWUW$$   "--($$y2U z)T=$GG*fWWUc4$ ------72  EPA continues/develops programs 676*-.-.-*-.*-.-*-.-.D*  2 Ofor:. :2 +R"(1) national issues (e.g., mobile --...-**.-*-.D.-- 62 Wsources, endocrine disrupters) *-.).*.-..).-.*-.-* 42 \x(2) additional problem source --..-......D*-.*- 72 ^ categories identified by States *.-.--*-.-...*6-.* 2  2000+ -.-.0mMMmM   "-%MmM-] $]My]UUU%UU $UM %M t $t5 (J(%(J~ $~b~ia~ 4a%a4~   $ !q "[~ [%[~ ! $!q  _ _%_  $ y f f%f  K $K  4  ------"2 Complete Step 1, <-E-..6-.- 2 *  Assessment7*).*)E-. 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Images_p$$`NamedStyle objects_$$`Presentation Backdrop 4"_$$`Custom Page Layout 1_$$`Page 1k; NAME=Group1;A"#$   P P @>[c$ $ c c <>EPA-S/L/T Partnership0000910{name=,r=18}{name=Level2,r=19}{name=Level3,r=20}{name=Level4,r=21}{name=Level5,r=22}o  4"#$  NAME=Rectangle1;@-Q[<+fs=86>S/L/T selects program approach and submits Letter of Intent to EPA <=20020000910{name=,r=18}{name=Level2,r=19}{name=Level3,r=20}{name=Level4,r=21}{name=Level5,r=22}o  NAME=Text4;@gn[t1>1> t t<>EPA develops guidance/rulemaking addressing program options and develops program minimum elements<=2002-20030000910{name=,r=18}{name=Level2,r=19}{name=Level3,r=20}{name=Level4,r=21}{name=Level5,r=22}o  NAME=Text19;4"#$3wpwp3@NAME=Rectangle2;@ [RSSRR5<>EPA issues plan<=February 20010000910{name=,r=18}{name=Level2,r=19}{name=Level3,r=20}{name=Level4,r=21}{name=Level5,r=22}o  NAME=Text5;?&"2 k   NAME=Curve2;; NAME=Group2;A"#$z  P z P @> [ $ !$ ! <>S/L/T Plan0000910{name=,r=18}{name=Level2,r=19}{name=Level3,r=20}{name=Level4,r=21}{name=Level5,r=22}o  ; NAME=Group3;A"#$  P P @>[]$ $  ] ] <>Delegation Approach0000910{name=,r=18}{name=Level2,r=19}{name=Level3,r=20}{name=Level4,r=21}{name=Level5,r=22}o  A"#$l  P lP NAME=Ellipse1;@C[ ' '! !  <>Default, EPA Implements plan0000910{name=,r=18}{name=Level2,r=19}{name=Level3,r=20}{name=Level4,r=21}{name=Level5,r=22}o  NAME=Text20;@E[k Rk R   <+fs=83>S/L/T takes delegation of EPA rule and begins implementation 0000910{name=,r=12}{name=Level2,r=13}{name=Level3,r=14}{name=Level4,r=15}{name=Level5,r=16}o  NAME=Text12;@j$[l  l l <+fs=83>Complete Step 1, Assessment0000910{name=,r=12}{name=Level2,r=13}{name=Level3,r=14}{name=Level4,r=15}{name=Level5,r=16}o  NAME=Text13;@j-Xl  rlrlr<+fs=83>Complete Step 2, Program Development0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text2;@j)Xl  alala<+fs=83>Complete Step 3,<=Implementation0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text3;@dXo  &o&o&<+fs=83>Meet goals0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text6;@dX33###<+fs=83>Meet goals0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text21;@dX#####<+fs=83>Meet goals0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text22;@Xkz z kk<+fs=83>Complete Step 4, audit0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text7;@;X  <+fs=83>Complete Step 4, audit0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text23;@4Xww<+fs=83>Complete Step 4, audit0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text24;@X@ zz@ @ <+fs=83>Complete Step 4, audit0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text25;@;3XiM M &i&i&<+fs=83>Institute backstop <=measures (if needed)0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text8;@A/X< \}\}(< (< (<+fs=83>Implement backstop measures (if needed)0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text9;@;.X2 2 %%%<+fs=83>Additional measures taken<=(if needed)0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text10;@:.X44(((<+fs=83>Additional measures taken<=(if needed)0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text26;@>.[k  kk<+fs=83>S/L/T submits MOU/<=Action Plan to EPA0000910{name=,r=12}{name=Level2,r=13}{name=Level3,r=14}{name=Level4,r=15}{name=Level5,r=16}o  NAME=Text14;@s=[ k k    <+fs=83>Certification that S/L/T plan meets minimum elements 0000910{name=,r=12}{name=Level2,r=13}{name=Level3,r=14}{name=Level4,r=15}{name=Level5,r=16}o  NAME=Text15;@8X- rr - - <+fs=83>S/L/T begins or continues to implement steps 1-30000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text27;@eX? &? &? &<+fs=83>Meet goals0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text28;?&"2z W  z  NAME=Curve1;?&"2 !   NAME=Curve6;?&"2     NAME=Curve7;@j$[l l l <+fs=83>Begin program implementation0000910{name=,r=12}{name=Level2,r=13}{name=Level3,r=14}{name=Level4,r=15}{name=Level5,r=16}o  NAME=Text16;@j$[ - -   <+fs=83>Begin program implementation0000910{name=,r=12}{name=Level2,r=13}{name=Level3,r=14}{name=Level4,r=15}{name=Level5,r=16}o  NAME=Text29;?&"2  K i NAME=Curve8;4"#$((ppNAME=Rectangle3;8$(@82;[|? ? ||<+fs=83>S/L/T continue to implement existing programs 2000+0000910{name=,r=17}{name=Level2,r=17}{name=Level3,r=17}{name=Level4,r=17}{name=Level5,r=17}o NAME=Text Shape1;8$(@82[#$#$<+fs=83>EPA continues/develops programs for:<=(1) national issues (e.g., mobile sources, endocrine disrupters) <=(2) additional problem source categories identified by States <=2000+ 0000910{name=,r=17}{name=Level2,r=17}{name=Level3,r=17}{name=Level4,r=17}{name=Level5,r=17}o NAME=Text Shape2;?&"dMmsnM NAME=Curve3;?&"dUU NAME=Curve9;?&"d/ nM NAME=Curve10;?&"d(chJNAME=Curve11;?&"da\ t 4~  NAME=Curve4;?&"d[U\  ~ NAME=Curve12;?&"d_ t   NAME=Curve5;?&"dfh )  NAME=Curve13;@j$[88   <+fs=83>Complete Step 1, Assessment0000910{name=,r=12}{name=Level2,r=13}{name=Level3,r=14}{name=Level4,r=15}{name=Level5,r=16}o  NAME=Text17;@k$[))   <+fs=83>Complete Step 1, Assessment0000910{name=,r=12}{name=Level2,r=13}{name=Level3,r=14}{name=Level4,r=15}{name=Level5,r=16}o  NAME=Text30;@k-X88rrr<+fs=83>Complete Step 2, Program Development0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text1;@k-X++rrr<+fs=83>Complete Step 2, Program Development0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text31;@j)Xl  alala<+fs=83>Complete Step 3,<=Implementation0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text32;@k)X99aaa<+fs=83>Complete Step 3,<=Implementation0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text18;@j)X++aaa<+fs=83>Complete Step 3,<=Implementation0000886{name=,r=7}{name=Level2,r=8}{name=Level3,r=9}{name=Level4,r=10}{name=Level5,r=11}o  NAME=Text33;_BOlePartOlePres000/>)SummaryInformation( )   C*P_wnu]gř֤222hr)4:cn\l4FFF%ZZPP<GZZZXpb@Lnnnc@@0}Sh mPdtHcy,$8NNz`p$i͌}dmtޱ45,   "--  P "Arial5-  "------2   EPA-S/L/T 9989/4 2  Partnership9///+/.   "--  ------(2 S/L/T selects program 9.3+./++////F 62 iapproach and submits Letter of ///./+////+//F+./// 2 VIntent to EPA ..//999  2 2002//// 2 N EPA develops 999//+/./+ %2 guidance/rulemaking //.//+///F/+// $2 :addressing program ////++//////G '2 options and develops /.//+/////+.//+ 2 rprogram minimum ////GG/G/G 2 elements./G//+ 2  2002-2003.////.//   "--wp3 ------2 EPA issues plan999++//+/// 2 -? February 20014/.//+//./      "-% -$ $ $ q $   "-- P z  ------2 ; S/L/T Plan9.49//   "-- P  ------2   Delegation =////./ 2 Approach9/.//+/   "-- P l ------2   Default, EPA <///999 2 ) Implements G/.G//+  2 P plan///"Arial- 42 S/L/T takes delegation of EPA 6.3-*.).-.-..-.767 62 8 rule and begins implementation -...--...*E--E-.--. "2 jComplete Step 1, <-E-..6-.- 2 * j Assessment7*).*)E-. "2 qjComplete Step 2, <-E-..6-.- $2 jProgram Development7-.-E<-*.-.D.- !2 `jComplete Step 3,<-E-..6-.- 2 jImplementationD.-E-.--. 2 %n Meet goalsE-..-.) 2 " Meet goalsD.--.-* 2 " Meet goalsE-...-* (2 jComplete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. (2 Complete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. (2 Complete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. (2 > Complete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. '2 %hInstitute backstop -*.-.-**).- %2 hmeasures (if needed)D.-*.-*-..-.- $2 &: Implement backstop E-.D-.-.*)*-. %2 : measures (if needed)E-.*-.*-.-.-. -2 $Additional measures taken6.--.-D.-*.-*-*.- 2  (if needed).-.-.- -2 &Additional measures taken7-..-.E-.)..)-*.- 2  (if needed).-..-. "2 jS/L/T submits MOU/7-3*.-E*DA; "2 jAction Plan to EPA7*.-6.--767 42  Certification that S/L/T plan ;.).-..-6.2..- *2 8  meets minimum elements D.-*D-D.D..D.-* .2 + S/L/T begins or continues 7-3.-.-*-*-.-.-* (2 @ + to implement steps 1-3.E--E-.).-*-. 2 %> Meet goalsE-...-* z z z   "-%z z -$  $$ z ]$    % $  $$ $    %  $  $$  $  ------2 jBegin program 7-.-....D 2 B jimplementationD.-E-.--. 2 Begin program 7-..-.-.D 2 B implementationD.-E-..-. i     "-%  i- $ Q   "--(p o-   o- - C C_o_    "--($  3 N- o- !  & 9 C_C ( oO 4_  ------?2 %S/L/T continue to implement existing 7-3*.--...E-.D-.-*).- 2 programs 2000+-.-.D*-.-.0$U$$UG$GWUW$$   "--($$y2U z)T=$GG*fWWUc4$ ------72  EPA continues/develops programs 676*-.-.-*-.*-.-*-.-.D*  2 Ofor:. :2 +R"(1) national issues (e.g., mobile --...-**.-*-.D.-- 62 Wsources, endocrine disrupters) *-.).*.-..).-.*-.-* 42 \x(2) additional problem source --..-......D*-.*- 72 ^ categories identified by States *.-.--*-.-...*6-.* 2  2000+ -.-.0mMMmM   "-%MmM-] $]My]UUU%UU $UM %M t $t5 (J(%(J~ $~b~ia~ 4a%a4~   $ !q "[~ [%[~ ! $!q  _ _%_  $ y f f%f  K $K  4  ------"2 Complete Step 1, <-E-..6-.- 2 *  Assessment7*).*)E-. "2 Complete Step 1, <-E--.7-.- 2 *  Assessment7)*.)*E-. "2 qComplete Step 2, <-E-..6-.- $2 Program Development7-.-E<-*.-.D.- "2 qComplete Step 2, <-E-..6-.- $2 Program Development7-.-E<-*.-.D.- !2 `jComplete Step 3,<-E-..6-.- 2 jImplementationD.-E-.--. !2 `Complete Step 3,<-E-..6-.- 2 ImplementationD.-E-.--. !2 `Complete Step 3,;.D..-6.-. 2 ImplementationE-.D.-..- Courier4-sters\flg\blank.masIS/L/T selects program approach and submits Letter of Intent to EPA 2002 METAFILEPICT)    C*P_wnu]gř֤222hr)4:cn\l4FFF%ZZPP<GZZZXpb@Lnnnc@@0}Sh mPdtHcy,$8NNz`p$i͌}dmtޱ45,   "--  P "Arial5-  "------2   EPA-S/L/T 9989/4 2  Partnership9///+/.   "--  ------(2 S/L/T selects program 9.3+./++////F 62 iapproach and submits Letter of ///./+////+//F+./// 2 VIntent to EPA ..//999  2 2002//// 2 N EPA develops 999//+/./+ %2 guidance/rulemaking //.//+///F/+// $2 :addressing program ////++//////G '2 options and develops /.//+/////+.//+ 2 rprogram minimum ////GG/G/G 2 elements./G//+ 2  2002-2003.////.//   "--wp3 ------2 EPA issues plan999++//+/// 2 -? February 20014/.//+//./      "-% -$ $ $ q $   "-- P z  ------2 ; S/L/T Plan9.49//   "-- P  ------2   Delegation =////./ 2 Approach9/.//+/   "-- P l ------2   Default, EPA <///999 2 ) Implements G/.G//+  2 P plan///"Arial- 42 S/L/T takes delegation of EPA 6.3-*.).-.-..-.767 62 8 rule and begins implementation -...--...*E--E-.--. "2 jComplete Step 1, <-E-..6-.- 2 * j Assessment7*).*)E-. "2 qjComplete Step 2, <-E-..6-.- $2 jProgram Development7-.-E<-*.-.D.- !2 `jComplete Step 3,<-E-..6-.- 2 jImplementationD.-E-.--. 2 %n Meet goalsE-..-.) 2 " Meet goalsD.--.-* 2 " Meet goalsE-...-* (2 jComplete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. (2 Complete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. (2 Complete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. (2 > Complete Step 4, audit<-E-..6.-..-. '2 %hInstitute backstop -*.-.-**).- %2 hmeasures (if needed)D.-*.-*-..-.- $2 &: Implement backstop E-.D-.-.*)*-. %2 : measures (if needed)E-.*-.*-.-.-. -2 $Additional measures taken6.--.-D.-*.-*-*.- 2  (if needed).-.-.- -2 &Additional measures taken7-..-.E-.)..)-*.- 2  (if needed).-..-. "2 jS/L/T submits MOU/7-3*.-E*DA; "2 jAction Plan to EPA7*.-6.--767 42  Certification that S/L/T plan ;.).-..-6.2..- *2 8  meets minimum elements D.-*D-D.D..D.-* .2 + S/L/T begins or continues 7-3.-.-*-*-.-.-* (2 @ + to implement steps 1-3.E--E-.).-*-. 2 %> Meet goalsE-...-* z z z   "-%z z -$  $$ z ]$    % $  $$ $    %  $  $$  $  ------2 jBegin program 7-.-....D 2 B jimplementationD.-E-.--. 2 Begin program 7-..-.-.D 2 B implementationD.-E-..-. i     "-%  i- $ Q   "--(p o-   o- - C C_o_    "--($  3 N- o- !  & 9 C_C ( oO 4_  ------?2 %S/L/T continue to implement existing 7-3*.--...E-.D-.-*).- 2 programs 2000+-.-.D*-.-.0$U$$UG$GWUW$$   "--($$y2U z)T=$GG*fWWUc4$ ------72  EPA continues/develops programs 676*-.-.-*-.*-.-*-.-.D*  2 Ofor:. :2 +R"(1) national issues (e.g., mobile --...-**.-*-.D.-- 62 Wsources, endocrine disrupters) *-.).*.-..).-.*-.-* 42 \x(2) additional problem source --..-......D*-.*- 72 ^ categories identified by States *.-.--*-.-...*6-.* 2  2000+ -.-.0mMMmM   "-%MmM-] $]My]UUU%UU $UM %M t $t5 (J(%(J~ $~b~ia~ 4a%a4~   $ !q "[~ [%[~ ! $!q  _ _%_  $ y f f%f  K $K  4  ------"2 Complete Step 1, <-E-..6-.- 2 *  Assessment7*).*)E-. "2 Complete Step 1, <-E--.7-.- 2 *  Assessment7)*.)*E-. "2 qComplete Step 2, <-E-..6-.- $2 Program Development7-.-E<-*.-.D.- "2 qComplete Step 2, <-E-..6-.- $2 Program Development7-.-E<-*.-.D.- !2 `jComplete Step 3,<-E-..6-.- 2 jImplementationD.-E-.--. !2 `Complete Step 3,<-E-..6-.- 2 ImplementationD.-E-.--. !2 `Complete Step 3,;.D..-6.-. 2 ImplementationE-.D.-..- Courier4-(GIOU[agmsAutoList1571.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(GIOU[agmsAutoList1581.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.  $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    26    _ThenearsourceimpactsmaybefromsourcesalreadyregulatedbyMACTorS/L  standards.Thesourcemayalreadybeusinglowestachievableemissionreduction(LAER),butthecombinationoftheemissionsfromthesourceandthenearnessofreceptorsmaystillresultinarisklevelofconcern.:20 'dxd  d(GIOU[agmsAutoList150A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(,!$0  0` (#(#  (GIOU[agmsAutoList151A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(@$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `  q $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    22    _,X:~XXXInaddition,section112(k)alsorequiresthatEPAdevelopareasourcestandardstohelp  achievethesegoalsforurbanareas.#XXX,X:~#Ԁ,X:~XXXSpecifically,EPAisrequiredtolistareasourcecategories  andtoensurethat90percentoftheemissionsfromareasourcesaresubjecttostandardspursuanttosection112(d).#XXX,X:~g#(EGMSY_ekqAutoList861.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. ZEGMSY_ekqAutoList93A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(GIOU[agmsAutoList141A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(GIOU[agmsAutoList140A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(GIOU[agmsAutoList1381.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(vGIOU[agmsAutoList1421.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(GIOU[agmsAutoList143A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A. GIOU[agmsAutoList1441.A.1.1.1.1.1.1. GIOU[agmsAutoList145A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.( GIOU[agmsAutoList152A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(;GIOU[agmsAutoList149A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(GIOU[agmsAutoList153A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A./1234567hIGIMQUY]aeAutoList154222222221)a)(;GIOU[agmsAutoList155A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(KGIOU[agmsAutoList156A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(GIOU[agmsAutoList1461.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(&GIOU[agmsAutoList1591.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. 0         %6',X:~XX,XXXX,X:~  _ oXA!XXX  Table2.4S/L/TProgramtoAddressAreaWideAirToxicsRiskGoals(continued)#XX!XoXAl#  q $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    30    _SomeworkgroupmembersnotedthattheNTIisaworkinprogressandthereareState  byStateinconsistenciesinthequalityoftheairtoxicsinventoriesprovidedtotheEPAandusedintheNATAproject.(http://www.riskworld.com/Nreports/NR5ME001.htm  $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    6    _InSeptember1999,agroupofTribalairprofessionals,theInstituteforTribal 8 EnvironmentalProfessionals(_ITEP_),andEPAmettodiscussthegrowingneedsofTribesinambientairmonitoring.ThesediscussionshaveculminatedintheestablishmentoftheTribalAirMonitoringSupport(TAMS)CenteratEPAsRadiationandIndoorEnvironmentsNationalLaboratoryinLasVegas,Nevada.TheTAMSCenterisacentralizedlocationwhereTribalairqualityprofessionalscanobtainairmonitoringtrainingandalsoarrangefortechnicalsupport,bothattheCenterandatTribalmonitoringsites,fromTribalairprofessionals,EPA,andotherexperts.TheTAMSCenteractivitieswillbeoverseenbyasteeringcommitteecomposedofTribalairprofessionals,ITEP,andEPA.(֓GIOU[agmsAutoList1601.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(GIOU[agmsAutoList1611.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(GIOU[agmsAutoList1631.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(GIOU[agmsAutoList1641.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(&GIOU[agmsAutoList1651.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.$359=AEIMQ5 o o o$35=EKQW]c6(a)(a)i.1.a.i.1.a.GOALSSTEP 1: ASSESSMENT(6GIOU[agmsAutoList1661.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(GIOU[agmsAutoList167A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.  $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    1    _ԀDuringtheprocessthreeoriginalworkgroupmembersresigned;theworkgroup 8 membershiplistappearsinAppendixA."#*OLE*WPC!t   h  LP_wnu]gř֤222hr)4:cn\l4FFF%ZZPP<GZZZXpb@Lnnnc@@0}Sh mPdtHcy,$8NNz`p$i͌}dmtޱ45h %%   "-%%-R $R6R8 18 %8 1e  $e Ie ? ? ? ? ? ?   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'/  ./  ?.0  *0  /0  /1  0,  0~,0b2  12  12 ? 12  13  2"  23  -4  24  34  34 ? 4~4 8@5  45  46 ?  56   56   ?57 ? 67  676768#78"78"78!89 89 89 9:9:?9::;:;:~X:<;~<`W=<=?<====>=&>>>?*?><?@?@??@@A@A?@A@AABABAB -C BC CC CD ?CD DD DE DEEEEFEFEFFG?FGGHGHHHHIHIHII BOlePartOlePres0009P 9;2P b(.(  ;2 9  ) .(C 3(P???????????????@???????ߏϟ?>ό?>????O?ap|?~?????????????????????????|`| |`<|g|?8?c<|xG?8|??c<|x{?1`ac<|p??s?3C}@c<|`?s??c<a<g8c?8 ` 83?8`` x31|??b |s9 8?~8|<~< ><|????<|xyxy<???f?v????~???|?????~?????????ß?>|q8A'8 x@'9 by3㏙g#s3q???ǟf'7?` 7x?`7x~9d79|yfcs; x@f8 cay<?ϙ?9???????g??qp<b w9<g9?o}o?o9?o=g9p ?? ? ?>??'gf?????>??~??|?|?xx????>~ss~|s3383<3#@0s1&>3#sp>&>3#sp>g30s>?g38s2xs3?0s33;nj|qss p ss8x<<|s~q>?q~???????????????????????q ?q??1|b<?>?|`<<?||8?x|s!??x|?|<??18<?pc???pLj??????? ? @  OpOqgg?g ?s?sy@1yPÇpsy?぀py`????????????? METAFILEPICT 9P 9;2 b(.(  ;2 9  ) .(C 3(P???????????????@???????ߏϟ?>ό?>????O?ap|?~?????????????????????????|`| |`<|g|?8?c<|xG?8|??c<|x{?1`ac<|p??s?3C}@c<|`?s??c<a<g8c?8 ` 83?8`` x31|??b |s9 8?~8|<~< ><|????<|xyxy<???f?v????~???|?????~?????????ß?>|q8A'8 x@'9 by3㏙g#s3q???ǟf'7?` 7x?`7x~9d79|yfcs; x@f8 cay<?ϙ?9???????g??qp<b w9<g9?o}o?o9?o=g9p ?? ? ?>??'gf?????>??~??|?|?xx????>~ss~|s3383<3#@0s1&>3#sp>&>3#sp>g30s>?g38s2xs3?0s33;nj|qss p ss8x<<|s~q>?q~???????????????????????q ?q??1|b<?>?|`<<?||8?x|s!??x|?|<??18<?pc???pLj??????? ? @  OpOqgg?g ?s?sy@1yPÇpsy?぀py`????????????? !"#(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular | $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    29    _TheworkgrouprecommendsthatS/L/Tagenciesfocus,ataminimum,onthe33  pollutantsorafunctionallyequivalentlist.However,intheNATAEPAplanstoaddressthe188airtoxicpollutantslistedintheCAA.$%(hH  Z 6Times New Roman Regular&'()*+,-./0  $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    8    _Inadditiontothenationalgoals,section112(k)alsorequiresthatEPAdeveloparea 8 sourcestandardstohelpachievethesegoalsforurbanareas.Specifically,EPAisrequiredtolistareasourcecategoriesandtoensurethat90percentoftheemissionsfromareasourcesaresubjecttostandardspursuanttosection112(d). # $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    11    _Thisnationalgoalisbasedonpolicyconsiderations,whilethefirsttwogoalsarebased 8 specificallyonCAAsection112(k).1  $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    14    _,X:~XXXTheworkgroupdisagreesonwhichofthesecertificationoptionsshouldbeusedinthe  finalprogram.Somemembersontheworkgroupdonotsupportselfcertification.TheseworkgroupmembersbelievethatEPAshouldcertifytheadequacyofprograms.#XXX,X:~#23456  $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    9    _Someworkgroupmembersinterpretthe75%reductiongoalasagoalthatappliestoarea 8 sources.78   $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    20    _Someworkgroupmembersinterpretthe75%reductiongoalasagoalthatappliesto  areasources.    4  $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    23    _FunctionalequivalencyassumestheS/L/Thasmetsomespecifiedminimum  requirementsformajorprogramelementsofariskbasedprogram.Ifaprogramcomponentisdeemedfunctionallyequivalent,theS/L/Tmaysubstitutetheirdata/approachforEPAsdata/approachforthatfunctionallyequivalentprogramcomponent.     4 4   $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    27    _Someofthemembersontheworkgroupfeelthatthismonitoringshouldberequired.  $,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~    28    _Someofthemembersontheworkgroupfeelthatthephrase substantialreductionis  toovagueandneedstobedefinedandthatthe20122020timeframeistoofarinthefutureforcommunity/neighborhoodgoalstobemet. 4     4        4 http://www.epa.gov/cbep/  4    ! " # $ % 4& ' ( 4) 4* 4+ , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 #,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~  _  Figure2.1Four  StepProcess http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/diesel/diesel.htm *!,X:~XX,XXXX,X:~  _  8:~XXdd8       i [XqXXX[}X[Xq _RecommendedFrameworkforState/Local/TribalAirToxicsRiskReductionProgram #[XqX[} ##XXX[Xq#  8  qlXXFinalWorkgroupReport  L September2000#XXql#   ,X:~XXX cucu(#(#  p&<,(`~0i  `.E   pp&T<,(`~0~i  `.)E  u| up#XXX,X:~# qlXXԀ l  (#(#cucuWorkgrouponIntegratedAirToxics:State/Local/TribalProgramStructure#XXql#qlXXԀ  FormedUndertheCleanAirActAdvisoryCommitteeSubcommitteeforPermits/NewSourceReview/Toxics #XXql#,X:~XXX " #XXX,X:~#,X:~XXX,՟ X,X:~Submittedto:  &\! EmissionStandardsDivisionOfficeofAirQualityPlanningandStandardsU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyResearchTrianglePark,NC27711Submittedby: +&" EC/R,Inc.#,X:~X ,՟4##XXX,X:~#,X:~XXX  -d($ i   TRX3' LetterX3' Letter3' Letter3'T88   #XXX,X:~#,X:~XXX    TABLEOFCONTENTS  8     Vm  VmN 0     EXECUTIVESUMMARY#""J(#.L L (#(##4 "^O  5  v6 ^O *  7 (# VmN j ݌  Ќ  !  ! 0  0` (#(#    GlossaryofTermsUsedinReport#""I(#./` (#` (##4 "^O  5  xi6\ ^Op *  7 (# ! ݌  Ќ  Vm  Vm= 0     1.0INTRODUCTION#,","H(#. (#(##4 ."^O  5  1.16 ^O *  7 (#Vm= Y ݌  Ќ  !  !0  0` (#(#    1.10` ` (#` (#FormationoftheWorkgroup#,","H(#.ll.` (#` (##4 ."^O  5  1.16^^Or*  7 (#!݌   Ќ  !  !@0  0` (#(#    1.20` ` (#` (#WorkgroupCharge#,","H(#.pp$` (#` (##4 ."^O  5  1.16^O*  7 (#1!@[݌  t Ќ  !  !0  0` (#(#    1.30` ` (#` (#CAAProgramsIncludedUndertheWorkgroupsCharge#,","H(#.,,F` (#` (##4 ."^O  5  1.26^O*  7 (#!݌  ` Ќ  !  !0  0` (#(#    1.40` ` (#` (#WorkgroupReportDevelopmentProcess#,","H(#.LL8` (#` (##4 ."^O  5  1.36J^O^*  7 (#!݌  L  Ќ  !  !,0  0` (#(#    1.50` ` (#` (#ReportOrganization#,","H(#.'` (#` (##4 ."^O  5  1.36^O*  7 (# !,G݌ p 8  Ќ  !  !0  0` (#(#    1.60` ` (#` (#AirToxicsProblem#,","H(#.xx&` (#` (##4 ."^O  5  1.36q^O*  7 (#!݌ \$  Ќ  !  !S0  0` (#(#    1.70` ` (#` (#StateofKnowledgeofAirToxicsRisk#,","H(#.9` (#` (##4 ."^O  5  1.46^O+*  7 (#Y!Sn݌ H  Ќ    0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   1.7.10 (# (#AirToxicsProgramHistory#,","H(#.ll3 (# (##4  ."^O  5  1.46^O*  7 (# ݌ 4  Ќ    0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   1.7.20 (# (#AirToxicsMonitoring#,","H(#.. (# (##4  ."^O  5  1.56t^O*  7 (#݌    Ќ    V0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   1.7.30 (# (#AirToxicsExposureModeling#,","H(#.XX5 (# (##4 ."^O  5  1.66'^O;*  7 (#iVq݌    Ќ     0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   1.7.40 (# (#TheFutureOutlook#,","H(#.+ (# (##4 ."^O  5  1.76^O*  7 (#  $݌  Ќ  Vm  Vm 0     2.0PROGRAMOVERVIEW#,","H(#.DD(#(##4."^O  5  2.16^O>  7(#M>B=]=݌ h%0!$ Ќ    >0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   2.2.110 (# (#Definitionof LocalAgencyandIntergovernmentalRelationships#!!G(#.h h Y (# (##4(el!^O  5  2.276?^O?ions  7el(#,@> ?݌ T&"% Ќ    @0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   2.2.120 (# (#UrbanLandUsePlanning#!!G(#.0 (# (##4)el!^O  5  2.286A^OAions  7el(#A@@݌ @'#& Ќ    }B0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   2.2.130 (# (#OtherIssues#!!G(#.% (# (##4*el!^O  5  2.286?C^OSCions  7el(#C}BB݌ ,(#' Ќ  Vm  Vm"D0     3.0RECOMMENDEDPROGRAM#,","H(#.88"(#(##4-el,"^O  5  3.16D^ODions  7el(#DVm"D>D݌ *%) Ќ  !  !E0  0` (#(#    3.10` ` (#` (#ProgramGoalsOverview#,","H(#.HH*` (#` (##4.el,"^O  5  3.16FF^OZFions  7el(#F!EE݌ *&* Ќ    (G0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.1.10 (# (#NationalGoals#,","H(#.\\' (# (##40el,"^O  5  3.26G^OHions  7el(#.H(GCG݌ +'+ Ќ    H0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.1.20 (# (#AreaWideGoals#,","H(#.  ( (# (##41el."^O  5  3.46I^OIions  7el(#IHH݌ 8 Ќ    tJ0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.1.30 (# (#NearSourceGoals#,","H(#.* (# (##42el."^O  5  3.76:K^ONKions  7el(#|KtJJ݌ $ Ќ    L0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.1.40 (# (#Community/NeighborhoodGoals#,","H(#.  5 (# (##43el."^O  5  3.86L^OMions  7el(#0ML7L݌  Ќ  !  !M0  0` (#(#    3.2 ` Step1:Assessment#,","H(#.hh&` (#` (##44el."^O  5  3.96yN^ONions  7el(#N!MM݌  Ќ    [O0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.2.10 (# (#PurposeofAssessmentStep#,","H(#.3 (# (##45el."^O  5  3.96*P^O>Pions  7el(#lP[OvO݌  Ќ     Q0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.2.20 (# (#MinimumProgramElementsandProgramOptions#!!G(#.E (# (##46el!^O  5  3.106Q^ORions  7el(#/R Q'Q݌  Ќ    R0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.2.30 (# (#AssessmentIssues#!!G(#.ll* (# (##47el!^O  5  3.156S^OSions  7el(#SRR݌   Ќ    yT0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.2.40 (# (#SourcesofAssessmentData#!!G(#.3 (# (##48el!^O  5  3.156HU^O\Uions  7el(#UyTT݌  t Ќ  !  !+V0  0` (#(#    3.3 ` Step2:ProgramDevelopment#!!G(#./` (#` (##49el!^O  5  3.166V^OVions  7el(#W!+VFV݌  ` Ќ    W0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.3.10 (# (#PurposeofProgramDevelopmentStep#!!G(#.< (# (##4:el!^O  5  3.166X^OXions  7el(#XWW݌  L  Ќ    {Y0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.3.20 (# (#MinimumProgramElementsandProgramOptions#!!G(#.E (# (##4=el!^O  5  3.166\Z^OpZions  7el(#Z{YY݌ p 8  Ќ    ?[0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.3.30 (# (#ProgramDevelopmentIssues#!!G(#.3 (# (##4?el!^O  5  3.206\^O"\ions  7el(#P\?[Z[݌ \$  Ќ  !  !\0  0` (#(#    3.4 ` Step3:ProgramImplementation#!!G(#.2` (#` (##4@el!^O  5  3.206]^O]ions  7el(#]!\ ]݌ H  Ќ    ^0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.4.10 (# (#PurposeofProgramImplementationStep#!!G(#.? (# (##4Ael!^O  5  3.206d_^Ox_ions  7el(#_^^݌ 4  Ќ    G`0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (# `   3.4.20 (# (#MinimumProgramElementsandProgramOptions#!!G(#.E (# (##4B!^O  5  3.206(a^O (#(#   TheworkgroupmetthreetimesfacetofaceinWashington,D.C.,inFebruary,JuneandAugust,2000.Inbetweenthesemeetings,theworkgroupheldweeklyconferencecalls.Theworkgroupsmeetingswerefacilitatedbyoneoftheworkgroupmembers,MichaelBrintnalloftheNationalAssociationofSchoolsofPublicAffairsandAdministration.,X:~XXX  `   TheworkgrouprequestedtobekeptinformedofEPAsprogressinimplementingtheframeworksuggestedinthereport.TheworkgroupalsorequestedthatEPAsplan,whichwillbeissuedbyFebruary2001,shouldbesubjecttopubliccommentpriortobeingfinalized.#XXX,X:~B# ,X:~XXX L ]((L% f % P  1.50  ReportOrganization D%f*   (#(#   Theremainderofthisreportisorganizedaccordingtothedesigntheworkgrouphasdevelopedforthisoverallprogram.Chapter2outlinesthestructureoftheprogram#XXX,X:~#,X:~XXXԀanddiscusses  theissuescriticaltothesuccessoftheprogramasawhole.Chapter3describestherecommendedprogramindetailintermsofitsgoalsandproceduralsteps(assessment,programdevelopment,programimplementation,andtheauditandbackstopprocess).Therearealsoseveralappendicesthatcontainusefulbackgroundinformation. #XXX,X:~#% Q  1.60  AirToxicsProblem S l4(#(#   Toxicairpollutantsarethosepollutantsthatcauseormaycausecancerorotherserioushealtheffects,suchasreproductiveeffectsorbirthdefects,oradverseenvironmentalandecologicaleffects.Examplesoftoxicairpollutantsincludebenzene,foundingasoline;perchloroethylene,emittedfromsomedrycleaningfacilities;andmethylenechloride,usedasasolventbyanumberofindustries.Mostairtoxicsoriginatefrommanmadesources,includingmobilesources(e.g.,cars,trucks,constructionequipment)andstationarysources(e.g.,factories,refineries,powerplants),aswellasindoorsources(e.g.,buildingmaterialsandactivitiessuchascleaning).Someairtoxicsarealsoreleasedfromnaturalsourcessuchasvolcaniceruptionsandforestfires.  TheEPAscumulativeexposureprojectsuggeststhatHAPexposuresareprevalentnationwideandmayposesignificanthealthrisks.Peopleexposedtotoxicairpollutantsatsufficientconcentrationsmayexperiencevarioushealtheffectsincludingdamagetotheimmunesystem,aswellasneurological,reproductive(e.g.,reducedfertility),developmental,respiratoryandotherhealthproblems.ExposuretomanyoftheseHAPsmayincreasetheriskofdevelopingcancerorexperiencingotherserioushealtheffects.Inadditiontoexposurefrombreathingairtoxics,risksalsoareassociatedwiththedepositionoftoxicpollutantsontosoilsorsurface waters.Thesedepositsmaythenbetakenupbyplantsandingestedbyanimalsandeventually *&* magnifiedupthroughthefoodchain.Likehumans,animalsmayexperiencehealthproblemsduetoairtoxicsexposure.   Theairtoxicsproblemisofspecialconcerninurbanareasbecausesourcesofemissionsandpeopleareconcentratedinthesamegeographicarea,leadingtolargenumbersofpeoplebeingexposedtotheemissionsofmanyairtoxicsfrommanysources.Additionally,whileurbanexposurestosomepollutantsmaybefairlysimilaracrossthecountry,studiesinanumberofurbanareasindicatethatexposurestootherpollutants,andanyassociatedrisks,mayvarysignificantlyfromoneurbanareatothenext.Inadditiontotheseurbanconcerns, hotspotsmaybepresentinruralareas.Theseareasofelevatedriskmybecausedbythepresenceofoneormoreairtoxicemissionsourcesorfromthetransportofpollutantsfrommoredistantlocations.  TheEPAdoesnotmaintainanationwidemonitoringnetworkforairtoxics.However,EPAhasdevelopedaNationalToxicsInventory(NTI)toestimateandtrackemissionstrendsfor188toxicairpollutantsregulatedundertheCAA,whichareknownasHAPsk   3      .Asshowninthe    EPAdocument LatestFindingsonNationalAirQuality:1999StatusandTrends(August2000),h   4      ׀thesourcesofairtoxicairpollutantsarerelativelyequallydistributedbetweenthe  followingfourtypesofsources(althoughthedistributionvariesfromareatoarea):L 8/1234567\p(]L /3   /3 2\3  0    Major(largeindustrial)sources/3  ݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /3 2\3  0    Areaandothersources,whichincludesmallerindustrialsources,likesmalldrycleaners p andgasolinestations,aswellasnaturalsources,likewildfires/3  ݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3 2\3  0    Onroadmobilesources,includinghighwayvehicles/3  ݌H(#(# Ќ   /3   /3 2\3  0    Nonroadmobilesources,likeaircraft,locomotives,andconstructionequipment/3  ݌l4(#(# Ќ    Inaddition,othertypesofsourcesareofconcern,especiallywhentheyarelocatednearpopulationcenters.Examplesincludeairportsand peakerplants,whicharesmallerpowergeneratorsusedtocreateadditionalpowerwhenlargerpowerplantsarenearoratcapacity. % R  1.70  StateofKnowledgeofAirToxicsRisk  (#(#  % S  1.7.10  AirToxicsProgramHistory   (#(#   Giventhechargetotheworkgroupandthescopeofprogramstobeaddressed,theworkgroupbelievestherearesufficienttoolsavailabletobeginimplementingariskbasedprogram.ManyofthesetoolshavetheiroriginintheCAAthatwaspromulgatedin1970andincludedprovisionsforcontrollingemissionsofHAPs.Sincethen,numerousstrategiestocontrolairtoxicshavebeenimplementedbyEPA.WiththepassageoftheCAAamendmentsof1990,asnotedabove,CongressmandatedthatEPAregulatemajorsourcesofHAPswithNESHAPsin @'#& thefirstphase.Inthesecondphase,EPAwouldevaluatetheresidualrisksthatremainafterimplementationoftheNESHAPforeachsourcecategoryanddecidewhichsourcecategorieswarrantfurtherregulation.AsofJuly2000,EPAhaspromulgated46NESHAPsfor82sourcecategories,proposed10NESHAPsfor8sourcecategories,andfinalizedtheResidualRiskReporttoCongress.TheResidualRiskReportprovidesanoverviewofEPAsgeneralriskassessmentmethodsandapproachesforevaluatingnearsourcerisk.TheEPAiscurrentlyevaluatingresidualriskfromseveralsourcecategories.  InadditiontotheseEPAactivities,severalS/L/Tagencieshavetakenactiontoaddressairtoxicsconcerns.Priortothepassageofthe1990CAAamendments,theFederalairtoxicsprogramprogressedslowly.IntheabsenceofastrongFederalprogram,manyStateandlocalagenciesbegantorespondtotheairtoxicsproblembydevelopingtheirownprograms(descriptionsofsomeofthecurrentS/L/TairtoxicsprogramsareprovidedinAppendixB).Someoftheseairtoxicsprogramshavebeenquitesuccessfulatreducingemissionsofairtoxics,notablythoseinCalifornia.InadditiontoEPAandS/L/Tprograms,theregulatedcommunityhasalsoinstitutednumerousvoluntaryairtoxicsreductionprograms(e.g.,33/50,environmentalleadership,andresponsiblecare).  Theimprovementfromtheseprogramsisseeninthefactthat,basedonthedataintheNTI,estimatesofnationwideairtoxicsemissionshavedroppedapproximately23percentbetween1990and1996.AlthoughchangesinhowEPAcompiledthenationalinventoryovertimemayaccountforsomedifferences,EPAandS/L/Tregulations,aswellasvoluntaryreductionsbyindustry,haveplayedanimportantroleinachievinglargereductionsinoverallairtoxicsemissions.However,individualtrendsfordifferentairtoxicsvarybypollutant.  Althoughairpollutioncontroltechnologieshavevastlyimproved,andlargereductionsinemissionshavebeenrealized,muchoftheEPAandS/L/Tregulatoryfocushasbeenoncontrolsandemissionreductionsratherthanestimatingactualpopulationexposurestoindividualandmixturesofairtoxics.Therefore,after30yearsofimplementingairtoxicsreductionprogramsattheFederal,State,andlocallevels,abasicunderstandingoftheexistingriskstopublichealthfromexposuretotoxicairpollutantsonanationallevelisonlybeginningtoemerge. % T  1.7.20  AirToxicsMonitoring ' ! (#(#   Airtoxicsmonitoringisagoodtoolforassessingpublicexposuretoairtoxics.TheEPAs AirToxicsMonitoringConceptPaper/   5      ׀detailstheexistingEPAandStateandlocal |$D # agencyHAPmonitoringactivitiesandactionsexpectedby2001.Althoughthereisstillaneedformoreairtoxicsmonitoring,arecent,X:~XXXStateandTerritorialAirPollutionProgram T&"% Administrators/AssociationofLocalAirPollutionControlOfficials#XXX,X:~E#Ԁ(STAPPA/ALAPCO)survey @'#&  indicatedthatmanyS/L/Tagenciesdoconductairtoxicsmonitoring.TheEPAhasalsobegun ,(#' workingwithS/L/Tagenciestoimplementpermanentairtoxicsmonitoringstationsandtodevelopacentralrepositoryforthedata.   6      ׀ $  +XXXX  CaliforniaandNewYorkaretwoexamplesofStatesthathaveestablishedstatewideair  toxicsmonitoringsystems.#XXX+X!#ԀCaliforniamaintainsacomprehensive21sitemonitoringnetwork  whichmonitorsforapproximately60toxicaircontaminants.Withover40,000measurementsgeneratedeachyear,thismonitoringdataisusedtoevaluateemissiontrends,toestablishbackgroundrisklevels,andtoprioritizeidentificationandcontrolactions.  TheNewYorkStateBureauofAirQualitySurveillanceinitiatedtheToxicsAirMonitoringSystemin1987.Thismonitoringnetworkmeasures17volatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)atvariouslocationsacrosstheState.Fifteenoutofthe17VOCsareidentifiedasHAPsbythe1990CAAamendments.TheinitialdevelopmentofthenetworkandanalyticalcapabilitieswaspartofajointStatenIsland/NewJerseyUrbanAirToxicsAssessmentProjectcoordinatedwithEPAsRegionIIofficefrom1987through1989.Thenetworkexpandedin1990toastatewidenetwork.  ThegoalistomonitorairqualityrelatedtotoxicsintheState'surban,industrial,residential,andruralareas.ThisnetworkandtheresultantreporthaveinitiatedthedevelopmentofalongtermtoxicsairqualitydatabaseforNewYorkState.Thedatabase,oneofthemostcompleteinthecountry,willbeusedtodefine,attain,andpreservegoodairqualityinNewYorkState.ThedataprovideactualairqualitymeasurementsoftheVOCsandisusedinthedesignandmanagementofNewYork'sairqualityprogram,whichincludesriskassessment,modeling,planning,andtrendsanalyses.+XXXXԀ#XXX+X}(# l4   InadditiontotheCaliforniaandNewYorkprograms,AppendixCprovidesabriefdescriptionofotherEPAandStateandlocalstudies. % W  1.7.30  AirToxicsExposureModeling }) (#(#   Althoughexposurescanbeestimatedwithcomputermodels,someStatesdonothaveaninventoryofairtoxicsemissionsbeyondtheEPAsToxicReleaseInventory(TRI),whichwouldserveasaninputtoanexposuremodel.Someagencieshavebeenreluctanttorequireorperformriskassessmentsbecausetheresultsareoftencontroversialanduncertain.Eventhoughthe "l! NationalAcademyofSciencehasdeemedriskassessmentavaluabletoolinassessingpublichealthprotection,someStateshavereliedstrictlyuponcontroltechnologystandardapproachestoreduceairtoxicsemissions.Nonetheless,manyStateshaveusedriskassessmentstoassistinmakingpermittingdecisionsandindevelopingcontroltechnologyrequirementsforexistingsources. % X  1.7.40  TheFutureOutlook -  (#(#   Thegoodnewsisthatmoreinformationisonthehorizonnationally.,X:~XXXTheEPA,States,  ` andothersareworkingtoimprovetheNTIandtoexpandtheairtoxicsmonitoringnetworkstoobtainmoredatatobetterunderstandairtoxicemissionsandambientconcentrationsnationallyandlocally.#XXX,X:~-#TheEPAalsohasproposedtheConsolidatedEmissionsReportingRule(CERR)and \$  isseekingcommentontheadditionofreportingrequirementsforHAPs   7      ׀(65FR33268,May23, H  2000).ThisinformationwillbeusedwiththedevelopingNationalAirToxicsAssessment(NATA)initiativetohelpidentifypotentialproblemareaswithrespecttoairtoxicsrisk.(SeeAppendixDandtheattachmenttoAppendixEformoreinformationonNATA.)AspartoftheNATA,EPAisusingemissionsdatafromtheNTI,togetherwithcomputermodels,toestimatepopulationexposuresin1996andpotentialhealtheffectsassociatedwiththe33priorityairtoxicpollutantsidentifiedintheNATA.Thisworkwillhelpfocusfutureeffortstoreduceairtoxicsandresultanthealtheffects.,X:~XXX  #XXX,X:~2#InadditiontoNATA,theinventoryrequirementsoftheEPAsToxicReleaseInventory \ havebeenexpandedtogatheremissionsinformationaboutsourcecategorieswhichindustryhadnotpreviouslybeenrequiredtoreport.Finally,EPAhasbegunworkingwithS/L/Tagenciestoevaluatealloftheexistingairtoxicsmonitoringnetworksandspecialstudiesthathavebeenestablishedovertheyearsandarefocusingonthedevelopmentofanationalairtoxicsmonitoringstrategy.AsuccessfulurbanairtoxicsprogramwillbeonethatintegratestheFederalprogramwiththeS/L/Tprogramsandstrengthensorcomplementsthoseexistingprograms.Thiscanonlybeaccomplishedthroughthesharingofexpertise,dataanalysis,andmethodologieswhichwillimprovetheknowledgebaseandenablepolicymakerstoaddressairtoxicsriskfromapublichealthperspective.,X:~XXX   L 8/1234567\pp8/1234567L % i , !X,X:~  % Y  2.0PROGRAMOVERVIEW H7#,X:~X!,  7#%i7  8 #XXX,X:~J6#/7 % Z  2.10  ProgramStructure 8`((#(#   TheairtoxicsrisksremainingafterEPAimplementsthetechnologybasedelementsofthe 8 nationalairtoxicsprogramarelikelytobevariableandrequireflexibilitytoaddress.Therefore,theworkgrouprecommendsaflexibleframework+XXXXthatseekstoaccommodateexisting,mature   Stateandlocalairtoxicsprograms,aswellasS/L/Tagenciesthatwillneedtodevelopentireprograms.Inthisframework,theworkgroupenvisionsaverystrongroleforS/L/Tagenciesinthedevelopmentandimplementationofriskbasedairtoxicsprograms.Theworkgroupalsobelievesthatfortheprogramtheyarerecommendinginthisdocumenttosucceed,itisessentialforS/L/TagenciestoformpartnershipswithEPAandforEPAtoinitiatenationalstandardsandprogramsinseveralkeyareasinadditiontothoseEPAhasalreadyidentified.(SeeAppendixFforalistofEPAscurrentlyplannedactivitiestoimplementthenationalairtoxicsprogram.)TheworkgroupidentifiedthefollowingareasrequiringadditionalactionbyEPA:#XXX+X9#,X:~XXX /3   /3=2\3  0    Accelerateupgradeofdieselengines(requireretrofitsofolderengines,accelerateremoval H ofoldervehiclesfromfleet)/3=I=݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3X>2\3  0    Onroadandoffroadmotorvehicles(gasolineanddiesel)standards/3X>>݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3O?2\3  0    Gasoline,diesel,andaviationfuelspecification/3O?z?݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /34@2\3  0    Standardsforcommercialmarinevessels/34@_@݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /3A2\3  0    Aircraft,airportemissions,andlocomotivestandards/3A:A݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /3A2\3  0    Standardsforutilities/3A#B݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /3B2\3  0    StandardsinareaswhicharepreemptedfromS/Lregulation(e.g.,portableequipmentand  equipmentusedforfarmandconstructionactivitiesthatisrated175horsepowerorlower)/3BB݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /36D2\3  0    DevelopmentofFederalActionPlansfor#XXX,X:~<#Ԁchemicalsthatarepersistentbioaccumulative \ toxics(PBTs)/36DaD݌ (#(# Ќ   /3   /3|E2\3  0    Standardsforotherareasofnationalsignificance/3|EE݌l4(#(# Ќ   /3   /3bF2\3  0    GuidanceforS/L/Tagenciestocarryoutthisprogram,X:~XXX/3bFF݌X (#(# Ќ  #XXX,X:~G# +XXXXFinally,theworkgroupalsorecommendsthatthisprogrambedesignedtoensurestrong 0  stakeholderinvolvementthroughouttheprocess.#XXX+XG#  !   Theworkgrouphasstructuredtheprogramtoaddressairtoxicsriskreductionatseveral "! levels.Theprogramrecommendedbytheworkgroupisbasedonmeetingfourlevelsofgoalsthatdifferintheirgeographicscopeandaddresspublichealthoutcomesratherthanstrictlyemissionsreductions.Theprogramiscomposedofafourstepprocessthatincludesnumerousoptionsforimplementingeachstep.Thisflexibilityallowstheimplementingagencytoadoptaprogramthatbestfitsitsneeds.Theprogramprovidesthisflexibilityby:L 8/1234567\pp8/1234567L /3   /3K2\3  0    GivingS/L/Tagenciesanabilitytoaddressproblemsuniquetoaparticulararea/3K?K݌h)0%((#(# Ќ   /3   /3L2\3  0    LeveragingexistingS/L/Texpertiseinairtoxicsprograms/3LEL݌T*&)(#(# Ќ   /3   /3M2\3  0    Increasingcommunitycapacityandsupport/3M3M݌@+'*(#(# Ќ   /3   /3M2\3  0    Expeditingreductionofexposure/3MN݌,,'+(#(# Ќ  Inaddition,eachofthefourstepsincludesminimumprogramelementsthatshouldbeundertakentocompletethestep.ThisstructurewillallowS/L/Tagencieswithadequateairtoxicsauthoritytocontinuetoimplementexistingairtoxicsprogramswhileempoweringotheragenciestodomore.ThisstructurealsoallowsEPAtocontinuetoimplementelementsofsections112,129and202(l)oftheCAA,addressairtoxicsissuesthatareofnationalconcern,andassistS/L/Tagenciesthatmaybeprecludedfromdevelopingaprogram. % [  2.1.10  FourLevelsofGoals P  `(#(#   Theoverallobjectiveofthisprogramistoprotecthumanhealthfromexposuretotoxicairpollutants.Toachievethisobjective,theworkgroupidentifiedfourcategoriesofgoalsbasedongeographicalextent(national,areawide,nearsourceandcommunity/neighborhood).Asthegeographicscope,sourcesandpollutantsaddressed,andimplementingagencieswilldifferforeachgoalcategory,theworkgroupenvisionsdifferenttypesofprogramstobedevelopedtoaddressthegoalsforeachgoalcategory.Table2.1displayseachgoalcategory,describesthespecificgoalsdevelopedforeachcategory,anddefinesthescopeofthosegoals.L 9/12345677pp8/1234567L  Table2.1ProgramGoalsSummary   ,T*  ddd Xdd Xdd X(#(#,dd ," dd ,[dd +  + p +IXXGoalCategory =,! " =Description =,! " =Scope 2(& "   2National;   8       h0 L 8/1234567\pp9/1234567L /3   /38W2\3  0 g   Achieve75%reductionin h0 cancerincidence/38WcW݌ 0g ig i Ќ  L 8/1234567\pp8/1234567L /3   /3uX2\3  0    All188CAAairtoxics/3uXX݌h0"" Ќ   /3   /3?Y2\3  0    Stationary(majorandarea)sourcesin 0 urbanareas,nationwideD@   9      /3?YjY݌"" Ќ   /3   /3Z2\3  0    Cantakecreditforreductionsunderall  laws/3ZZ݌ "" Ќ   /3   /3[2\3  0    Considercumulativerisksfromexposures P  toHAPsemissionsfromsourcesintheaggregatem   10      ׀/3[[݌ #""" #Ќ  National &dtt &z /3   /3K]2\3  0 g   Achieve substantial d reductioninnoncancerrisks/3K]v]݌ t,g ig i Ќ   /3   /3K^2\3  0    All188CAAairtoxics/3K^v^݌d"" Ќ   /3   /3_2\3  0    Areasourcesinurbanareasnationwide/3_@_݌t,""    /3   /3_2\3  0    Cantakecreditforreductionsunderall <  laws/3_$`݌ "" Ќ   /3   /3`2\3  0    Considercumulativerisksfromexposures   toHAPsemissionsfromsourcesintheaggregate10/3`a݌ #\  "" #Ќ   T    /3   /3*b2\3  0 g   Addressdisproportionate  p  impactsofairtoxicshazardsacrossurbanareas,includinglowincomeandpeopleofcolorcommunities<   11      /3*bUb݌  g ig i Ќ   /3   /3c2\3  0    All188CAAairtoxics/3cc݌ p"" Ќ   /3   /3d2\3  0    Stationary(areaandmajor)andmobile 8 sourcesinurbanareasnationwideh   12      /3dd݌H"" Ќ   /3!   /3e2\3  0    Considercumulativerisksfromexposures  toHAPsemissionsfromsourcesintheaggregate10/3ef݌ #X "" #Ќ   P   /3"   /38g2\3  0 g   Developstandardsforissues   ofnationalconcerntoaddressairtoxicsemissionsthatS/L/Tagenciescantadequatelyaddress/38gcg݌ g ig i Ќ   /3#   /3h2\3  0    Standardsneededonfollowingsources:   mobilesources(e.g.,automobiles,marinevessels,aircraft,locomotives),utilities/fuels,persistentbioaccumulativetoxics,etc./3hh݌ "" Ќ  Areawide  x0   /3$   /3j2\3  0 g   Reducepotentialcancerrisk x0! andnoncancerhealthimpacts/3j=j݌ g ig i Ќ   /3%   /3 k2\3  0 g   Flexibilitytoexpressgoalsas $ reductionsinHAPsemissions,ambientconcentrationreductions,orreductionsinrisk/3 k7k݌ (g ig i Ќ   /3&   /3Il2\3  0    Ataminimum,initialEPAlistof33 x0) urbanHAPsorfunctionallyequivalentS/L/Tlist/3Iltl݌ "" Ќ   /3'   /3^m2\3  0    Stationary(majorandarea)andmobile , sourcesthroughouttheareadefinedbytheS/L/T/3^mm݌ `."" Ќ  Nearsource  L/  /3(   /3n2\3  0 g   Addresscancerandnon L0 cancerhealthimpactsatstationarysourcesthatarenotyetadequatelyaddressedbyEPAorS/L/Tprograms/3nn݌ l!$4g ig i Ќ   /3)   /3o2\3  0    Addressrisksofconcern/3op݌L5"" Ќ   /3*   /3p2\3  0    Individualfacilitiesinurbanareasand 6 ruralhotspots/3pp݌ 7"" Ќ  Community/neighborhood  #H9  /3+   /3q2\3  0 g   Addressremainingpocketsof ": disproportionateriskafterimpositionoftheothergoals/3q r݌ X$<g ig i Ќ   /3,   /3r2\3  0    AddressHAPsofconcern/3r(s݌"="" Ќ   /3-   /3s2\3  0    Cumulativehealthimpactsfrommultiple #H> stationarysourcesormobilesourcesinbothurbanareasandruralhotspots/3ss݌# %@""  #Ќ    !I &@ .L ;(p8/1234567L #I !  u#% \  XXIz{&E51p~0 `r.#E @{ (#(#2.1.20  FourStepProcess u8(#      Theworkgrouphasdevelopedaprocesstoachievethegoals  consistingofthefollowingfourstepstobecarriedoutforeachsetofgoals: wL 8/1234567\p( L /3   /3@x2\3  0    Assessment/3@xkx݌(# Ќ   /3   /3x2\3  0    Programdevelopment/3x)y݌ (# Ќ   /3   /3y2\3  0    Programimplementation/3yy݌ t(# Ќ   /3   /3z2\3  0    Audit/backstopprocess/3zz݌ `(# Ќ    Generallytheflowoftheprogramwouldbetocompleteanassessment,developaprogram,implementtheprogram,evaluatethesuccessoftheprogram,andimplementabackstop,ifnecessary,tomakefurtherprogress.Thisismeanttobeaniterativeprocess.Forinstance,theentireprocessmayneedtoberepeatedwhensufficientprogresstowardthegoalsisnotmade.Also,bymonitoringandassessingprogressthroughouttheprocess,EPAandS/L/Tagenciesmayfinditnecessarytoreviseportionsoftheirprogramandtorepeatimplementationofcertainsteps.[{  Theworkgroupusedthefinalreportfromthe (#(#Presidential/CongressionalCommissiononRiskAssessmentandRiskManagemententitled FrameworkforEnvironmentalHealthRiskManagementasaresourceinthedevelopmentofthisprogram.Theworkgroupdiscussedinformationinthisdocument,particularlyconcerningtheinvolvementofstakeholdersandthepublicthroughoutthefourstepsoftheprogram.  TheCommissionsFrameworkdefinesaclear,sixstageprocessforriskmanagementthatcanbescaledtotheimportanceofapublichealthorenvironmentalproblem,andthat:0  Enablesriskmanagerstoaddressmultiplerelevantcontaminants,sourcesandpathwaysof  exposure,sothatthreatstopublichealthandtheenvironmentcanbeevaluatedmorecomprehensivelythanispossiblewhenonlysinglechemicalsinsingleenvironmentalmediaareaddressed (#(# 0  Engagesstakeholdersasactivepartnerssothatdifferenttechnicalperspectives,public !  values,perceptionsandethicsareconsidered (#(# 0  Allowsforincorporationofimportantnewinformationthatmayemergeatanystageof #X" theriskmanagementprocess (#(# TheworkgroupbelievesthattheFrameworkforEnvironmentalHealthRiskManagementdevelopedbytheCommissionillustratesadesiredprocessforriskmanagementdecisionmaking(seeFigure2.2)whichengagesallstakeholdersinthedevelopmentandimplementationofanationalriskbasedprogramundertheurbanairtoxicsprogram.  *%) N>: \ pE8 8  8    Figure2.2 FrameworkDiagramfromthePresidential/CongressionalCommissionon   RiskAssessmentandRiskManagementFinalReport,Volume1,1997      L K(p8/1234567L % ]  2.1.30  ResponsibleAgencies <  (#(#   Thelevelofgovernmentresponsibleforimplementingthestepsoftheprogramvariesaccordingtothegoaltypeandtheabilityoftheagencytoparticipate.Theworkgroupanticipatesthatalllevelsofgovernmentmayparticipateindevelopingtheminimumprogramelementsoftheprogram.However,someagenciesmaynotbeabletodevelopaprogramforaparticulargoal,maychoosenottobecauseitisnotaprioritywithintheagency,ormaylackthefinancialresourcestotakeonthisnewtask.Thelevelofgovernmentresponsibleforimplementingthegoalswillbeoneof,oracombinationof,thefollowing:L 8/1234567\p( L /3   /3i2\3  0    EPA/3i݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /3 2\3  0    Stateagency/3 K݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Localagency/3 ݌(#(# Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Tribalentity/3̋݌(#(# Ќ  Forexample,aTribemaynotbeabletodevelopandimplementariskbasedairtoxicsprogramontheirreservation,andmaychoosetoallowEPAtoimplementaprogram.Similarly,acommunitymaynothavesufficientresourcestodevelopacommunitybasedprogramandmayrelyupontheStatetodoso. % ^  2.1.40  MinimumProgramElementsandProgramOptions  /$(#(#   Theworkgroupsrecommendedframeworkincludescertainactivitiesthatmustbecompletedwithineachstep.Theseactivitiesarereferredtoasminimumprogramelements.TheminimumprogramelementsarediscussedingreaterdetailinSections3.2through3.5inconnectionwitheachofthefoursteps.Theworkgroupbelievesthatthereareseveraloptionsavailableincarryingouteachminimumprogramelement.Thisgivestheimplementingagencyflexibilityindevelopingaprogramforeachgoalintheirarea.Dependingontheimplementingagencyscircumstances,differentoptionsmaybemoreviablethanothers.Alloftheoptionsprovidedcurrentlyexist,andmoreinformationdescribingeachoptioniscontainedinSection3.0 {,C(! ofthisreport.However,itmaybenecessaryforEPA todevelopguidanceforsomeofthe 8 options.Forexample,EPAhasalreadymadeavailablehealthbasedvaluesformanyHAPs(seeAppendixDforlocationsofinformationonhealthbasedvalues).ItiscriticalthatEPApublishhealthbasedvaluesforalloftheHAPsaddressedinthisprogram,especiallyforS/L/Tagencies  thatdonothavetheirownsetofhealthvalues.  Table2.2providesinformationontheoverallprogramandwhichagencyisprimarily   responsibleforimplementingthestepstoachieveeachgoal.Theactivitieslistedbelowtheimplementingagencyineachcolumnaretheminimumprogramelements(broadlydefined)foreachstep.Tables2.32.6providemoredetailforeachofthefourgoalareas,includingtheavailableoptionsforeachminimumprogramelement.Forexample,Table2.3showsthestructureoftheFederalProgramtoAddressNationalAirToxicsRiskGoals.Foreachstep `(  beginningwithAssessment,thetablesprovide,acrosseachrow,thetimeframe,thegoals,minimumprogramelements,andoptionsthatmaybeusedtomeettheminimumprogramelements.Thesefivetablesprovidethereaderwithavisualguidetotheframeworkandillustrateawidevarietyofmeasuresanagencymayundertaketocreateaprogram.   L  p8/1234567L vNXX,IvN*4Idddd " dd " [dd [  (#(#,dd ,rdd ,Sdd ,dd ,dd +  & 8 & #vN,IQ#u ovN#uXA!Xu o2#Table2.2OverallProgramtoAddressAirToxicsRisk#XX!XuXAؘ#,X:~XXX,IX,X:~  d  <2$X" < ?,!" ?#vN,Iq#u ovNNationalRiskGoals ?,!" ?AreaWideRiskGoals ?,!" ?NearSourceRiskGoals ?,!P" ?Community/neighborhoodRiskGoal#vNu oe#,IvNs D1!8 "  D#,X:~X,IԐ#,IX,X:~d00 ` < ` E ww wd#,X:~X,II#,IX,X:~ ?,! H " ?#vN,I›#u ovNEPA ?,! H " ?EPA&S/L/T ?,! H " ?EPA&S/L/T ?,! H" ?EPA&S/L/T#vNu op#,IvN D1& H"    D#,X:~X,I#,IX,X:~]rb^ j~1p@@@" R SAEN4U3dP0 ` <Z ` EZZZd#,X:~X,I#,IX,X:~ ?,!T " ?#vN,Iԓ#u ovN#uXA!Xu oe#u o!XuXACharacterizenational T  ambientairtoxicsrisks#vNu o##XXvN(#vNXX ?,! " ?#XXvNϡ#vNXXu ovNCharacterizeS/L/Tarea T  wideairtoxicsrisks ?,!< " ?Affectedsourcesconductscreeningorrefinedsourceriskassessment ?,!d " ?Developtoolstoconductcumulativeriskassessments#vNu oo#,IvN#,X:~X,IP# D1! " D]Wrb^ j~19p9@@@"  A9E1p99%'d0 ` <  ` Ez..z. d#XXX,X:~#vNXX,IvN ?,!zB" ?#vN,IԻ#u ovNIdentifyissuesof zB nationalconcernanddevelopregulations/otherprogramstoreducerisk ?,!#" ?IdentifypriorityHAPsandHAPsources/sourcecategoriesanddevelopplantoreduceemissionsorrisk ?,!)" ?IdentifypriorityHAPsandHAPsources/sourcecategoriesanddevelopplantoreduceemissionsorrisk ?,!/" ?IdentifypriorityHAPsandHAPsources/sourcecategoriesanddevelopplantoreducecumulativerisk#vNu o<#,IvN D1&5"   D]cr b^ j~1p@@@" I JAED#" * dq0 ` <N ` E=NN=N d#,X:~X,IԜ##XXX,X:~֨#vNXX,IvN ?,!=6" ?#vN,IԨ#u ovNImplementprogram =7 plantoreducerisksandmeetFederalgoals ?,!M :" ?ImplementprogramplantoreducerisksandmeetS/L/Tgoals ?,!e=" ?Implementprogramplantoreducesourceemissions,reducerisks,andmeetnearsourcegoals ?,! B" ?Implementprogramplantoreducecumulativeexposures,reducerisks,andmeetcommunity/neighborhoodgoals#vNu o)#,IvN D1!!uH" D#,X:~X,Iԉ#,IX,X:~d0 ` < ` E&RR&R d#,X:~X,I#,IX,X:~ ?,!&!I" ?#vN,I{#u ovNPerformevaluation &!J todetermineifgoals/planhave/hasbeenmetandperformfurtheractionifnecessary ?,!)W%O" ?Performevaluationtodetermineifgoals/planhave/hasbeenmetandperformfurtheractionifnecessary ?,!($T" ?Performevaluationtodetermineifgoals/planhave/hasbeenmetandperformfurtheractionifnecessary ?,!($Y" ?Performevaluationtodetermineifgoals/planhave/hasbeenmetandperformfurtheractionifnecessary#vNu o(#,IvN6,*)W%_"    6#,X:~X,Iԧ##XXX,X:~ױ#DXA!XXX ,j(_ D   TRX3' LetterX3' Letter3' Letter3' LetterT88   *dddd rdd rSdd Sdd dd 4I(#(#,dd ,dd ,dd ,zdd , dd +  &  & Table2.3FederalProgramtoAddressNationalAirToxicsRiskGoals  o!XXA $d  <2$X" < ?,!\" ?#XA!X o+#Kc'!XXATimeframe B/!\" BNationalGoals ?,!\" ?MinimumProgramElements ?,!\" ?Options D1!\"  D]Jr b^ j~1lpm@@@" V #AmE\ llr f dp0 ` <Z ` EZZZd aN!" L@2003L@a2003 aNC  L@2003 L@ aCharacterizenationalambientairtoxicsrisks ?,!  ?L 8/1234567\p L /3   0l X<TtXX0/32\3  0    Compilenationaltoxics   emissionsinventory(NTI)/3;݌  Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Establishorupdatehealth  basedvalues/3,݌  Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Characterizerisksfrom188  P HAPsofconcernandsourcesresponsiblethroughtheNATAmethodology#('Kc#uKc'(/3݌ $ Ќ   /3   /3S2\3  0    Stakeholderprocess/3S~݌  Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Developaprocessfor  \  identifyingcommunitiesdisproportionatelyimpactedbyairtoxicsemissions/3E݌ I6+0  IЌ   /3   K% l X<TtXXl X<TtXK  /3m2\3  0 |   Inventory/3m݌|"|" Ќ   /3   /32\3  0 |   Modeling/3݌<||"|" Ќ   /3   /3=2\3  0 |   Monitoring/3=h݌|"|" Ќ   /3   /32\3  0 |   Combinationofapproaches/3&݌t |"|" Ќ   /3   /32\3  0 |   Establish1990emissionsinventory  P baseline/3݌ |"|" Ќ  D1&H     D]rb^ j~1-ypz@@@"  0QzE^yy|fd0 ` <  ` E1  1 d ?,!1q !" ?20032006 ?,!1q " ?DevelopFederalplanandoptionstoreducerisks ?,!i% ? /3   /32\3  0    IdentifypriorityHAPsand 1q & sources#('uKc#uKc'(/3$݌ ' Ќ   /3   /3%2\3  0    Developstakeholderprocess i( forsettingpriorities/3%P݌  Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Developoptionstoreduce * emissions#('uKc#uKc'(/3B݌=}+ Ќ   /3   /3E2\3  0    Provideopportunityforpublic , reviewandcomments/3Ep݌  Ќ   /3   /372\3  0    Developoptionstomeasure Q. progress/37b݌  #('uKc#uKc'( I6+/ ICommand&controlapproaches:L 8/1234567\pp8/1234567L /3   /32\3  0 |   NSR(MACT,BACT,RACT)/3B݌ 1|"|" Ќ   /3   /32\3  0 |   Existingsource(MACT,BACT, i2 RACT)/3 ݌ |"|" Ќ   /3   /32\3  0 |   Vehiclestandards/3݌4|"|" Ќ   /3   /32\3  0 |   Fuelrequirements/3݌=}5|"|" Ќ   /3   /3M2\3  0 |   Evaporativestandards/3Mx݌6|"|" Ќ   /3   /32\3  0 |   Retrofitrequirements/3A݌u7|"|" Ќ  Otherapproaches: /3   /32\3  0 |   Facilityauditandplan/3݌I:|"|" Ќ   /3   /32\3  0 |   Notification(righttoknow)/3݌%;|"|" Ќ   /3   /32\3  0 |   Incentives/3݌<|"|" Ќ   /3   /3K2\3  0 |   Pollutionprevention/source ]= education/3Kv݌ |"|" Ќ   /3   /312\3  0 |   Complianceassistance#('uKc&#uKc'(/31\݌U?|"|" Ќ   /3   /3<2\3  0 |   Marketbasedapproaches/3<g݌  N;+1@|"|" N]rb^ j~1p@@@" 8 9AE!h!Ud0 ` <~  ` E!33!3d ?,!!aA" ?  20052010 ?,!!aB ?  Implementprogramplantomeetnationalgoals ?,!5F ? L 8/1234567\pp8/1234567L /3     /32\3  0    Schedulethatmeetsgoal !aG deadlines/3݌  Ќ   /3   /32\3  0    Publicparticipationprocess/3݌YI Ќ   /3